Paraphrase the paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

paraphrasis the paper - Essay Exampler important aspect of human trafficking is the technique use, for authority trafficking whoremonger be done through threats and force, where one is taken without his or her consent. Abduction and deception could also be early(a)wise techniques (UNHCR 2). The intention behind the trafficking is the third aspect of human trafficking. This entails the main agenda behind act of trafficking, for instance it could be for slavery purposes. The final aspect of human trafficking is the outcome of the act, for example, death of the victims, or arrest of the offenders by authority.Slave trade is the business of selling human slaves form by one owner to the other. thralldom was mainly on the basis of racism and discrimination. The culture of the slave trade consists of a couple of aspects. The prototypal aspect of the slave trade culture is atrociousity. The owners of the slaves did not care that slaves were human, and thus, treated them in a brutal manner. The second aspect is cruelty, where the slaves were treated in ways that were cruel and undignified way. The third aspect is exploitation. The slave owners exploited the services of the slaves and did not offer payment for their labor. Dehumanization of the slaves was another aspect. The treatment of the slaves by the owners was inhuman, for example, the slaves were beaten(a) and forced to work without rest. The final aspect is the treatment of slaves as goods where slaves were sold form one owner to another just like goods are sold (UNHCR 2).Everyone has a right, According to Amnesty international and other bodies of human rights. However, slavery violates some of these rights in relation to the documentary sex slave. For instance, right to movement, right to crap ones own decisions, rights to speech, right to own property, and the right to dignity.There are ways by which the state determines a citizen lawfully. Birth is one fundamental way the state uses, where a person is legally considered a citizen of a State if he or she is born in the

Robert Mondavi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Robert Mondavi - Essay ExampleMondavi successfully brought reforms to the US wine pains, and consequently, the wine patience all over the world. He was passionate about wine from a tender age and started a winery in Napa Valley, in 1966 (Mondavi and Chutkow 12). This was with the aim of outdoing the finest wine producers in Europe. His dream has today come true because many of the winemaking techniques used today were his ideas (Mondavi and Chutkow 17). He has overly contributed to the modern wine industry by introducing winemaking concepts such as using French oak barrels, stainless steel tanks, and cold fermentation, which are all used in the modern wine industry today (Mondavi and Chutkow 23).Mondavi, a market leader in the wine industry, is remembered for initiating blind wine tasting sessions at the Napa Valley, combining these experiences with other world class wines. This allowed the wine industry and consumers to evaluate the value and lineament of wine (Mondavi and Chu tkow 39). He promoted the exportation of wine, which is a common practice in the modern wine industry today. He also promoted the production of high quality wines, after his wines became internationally recognized for their top quality. His wine educational tours and wine tastings helped to foster a wine culture, not only in America, but end-to-end the world (Mondavi and Chutkow 30).In conclusion, Mondavi has contributed to the modern wine industry in numerous ways. He has helped the industry abjure the culture of adding artificial flavors to wines. His innovations such as the vineyard management using digital mapping technologies, and remote-sensing via planet have revolutionalized the modern wine industry (Mondavi and Chutkow 48). He created the wine culture and other wine think innovations such as using Quality Enhancement Teams, vintage dating to create varietal wines, traditional phellem finishing, and barrel aging among others. The modern wine industry has also benefited t hrough

Basis of Grammatical Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Basis of Grammatical Evidence - study ExampleFrom the two perspectives, there is a contrast basing on the issue of spying, which is a form of investigating patterns, which incurred and propelled by various participants in both texts. Text 1 adopted from the Arabs news Germany summons U.S. emissary over Merkel yell spy suspicion and Text 2 adopted from the New York news choler Growing among Allies on U.S. Spying Table1 The clause structure types Transitive Intransitive Active passive Long Short Text 1 1.8kol,5 8 18 1 5 Text 2 14 9 16 3 8 From the table 1 it gives a clear extension that in both texts transitive clauses use up been used more that intransitive clauses. In addition, there is an officious voice more than passive voice. We define a transitive clause as one that involves the shammer and the goal initiated. In term of intransitive, either it is termed as the absence of the actor or goal initiated from the clause availed in the texts. The occasion has used a total of 14 transitive clauses and 9 intransitive clauses to subscribe about the essence of tasks required. Table2 Process types analysis of text 1 and 2. Text 1 Text 2 Material 48% 65% Mental 19% 15.9% Verbal 29% 2.5% Relational 2% 20% Interpretation text ordinarily represents a grammatical norm and both processes and participants are present. Grammatical representations be a vital role since it is one of the best indicators in which texts think or the way of comprehend operations present in texts. More so, process analysis is a provision of pictures, which depicts more development about the text, and the prevailed hidden messages termed as ideologies of the scholar. From the table above, we realize that tangible processes, as well as texts, usually occurs frequently as compared to other processes availed. Text 1 is from the Arabs news. It states out a high frequency of material processes, indicating 48 % of the physical workings involving suspicion summon that was initiated on th e Chancellor Angela Merkels phone confabulate line during his official duty in Berlin. Physical norm is evident here in consideration of the following activities that were availed during the process. The American ambassador was summoned for talks with Foreign Minister Westerwelle this afternoon. AFP quoted this from a foreign ministry spokesperson. Moreover, this text represents 29% of verbal processes, showing that the text is news text. Going by scholarly research, we find that the author behind this news wants to consolidate his texts with humor and a sense of real talk evident as per the availed text line from the article. This text line is The position of the German government will be presented clearly. The function comes a day after Merkel named President Barack Obama on Wednesday demanding answers after learning that U.S. spies may have monitored her phone. A statement by the chancellors spokesperson, Steffen Seibert, says Merkel warned Obama warned this would constitute a breach of trust between the allies. Similarly, a mental process is evident in this article with an approximate percentile of 19%. This shows that the author believes and have a strong desire and feelings towards the issue of suspicion as far as the aspect of phone monetization is of concern. Among close friends and partners, as the Federal Republic of Germany and the U.S. have been for decades, there should be no such monitoring of the communications of a head of government, the statement said, according to AFP.

For admission Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

For admission - Essay ExampleIt was both a unenviable and interesting transition in my life on one hand was the shock of environmental and ethnical change whereas on the other my quest for academic excellence. I went through a period of slack being away from home and in an environment where English is the sole row of communication simply stood strong. I was not going to give up on my academic goals. I therefore genuine friendships with fellow students and teachers who offered tremendous assistance with my English skills and now drastically improved.The challenges have taught me to be strong and now I am applying for my postgraduate studies. I am more confident than ever before to enthral the postgraduate academic experience considering that I am now used to international cultures, my English language skills are impressive and have learnt a lot from interacting with people of different cultures. I will be using any opportunity both in and out of class to learn and interact so a s to grow not only academically but also

Saving the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Saving the world - Essay ExampleNotably, a vast majority of the tiger existence is indigenous to the southeast and far-east Asia (Chundawat et al. 1). Due to continued conflict between tigers and humans, at least three backwash of tigers are presently extinct while the remaining subspecies are under threat of extinction. In f dress, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has classified the remaining six subspecies of tigers as exist with at least two subspecies being termed as critically endangered and on the limen of extinction (Chundawat et al. 1). Saving tigers is of critical importance since tigers are magnificent creatures, which are renowned for their ferociousness and prowess, and act as a major attraction to the hazardous scene. Consequently, tigers enhance revenue levels of the tourism industry (Dinerstein 510). The sweetie and power inherent in the tiger species is beyond doubt. Tigers play an integral role in maintaining vestibular sense in the e cosystem. Tigers are a significant link in the food chain, thus play a crucial environmental role. The tiger is an emblem of natural state and typifies the well-being of the ecosystem. Therefore, saving tigers is tantamount to conserving the entire wilderness ecosystem. Tigers play a vital role in maintaining the health of the wilderness ecosystem since they represent top carnivores at the peak of the food chain. Consequently, the removal of such(prenominal) a top carnivore from the ecosystem can negatively impact the vestibular sense of the ecosystem, for instance, by causing a marked abundance of herbivores within the food chain (Karanth et al. 173). Tigers, alongside some other notable carnivores such as lions and leopards act as a pivotal control mechanism for herbivores in the wild. The habitats formerly set aside for tigers have reduced quite dramatically as a pass on of continued human intervention (Sanderson et al. 2). As a consequence, the global tiger state has dimini shed dramatically over the course of one century. In most countries, tigers have been hunted for their body parts and skin, which are sold on the international black market. The international trade of tiger parts is presently a multi-billion dollar industry, which extends across all continents. At least one century ago, there were approximately 100,000 wild tigers however, today, there are only about 3200 wild tigers (IUCN 1). Today, there are more tigers in captivity, for instance, in Texas, than there are wild tigers in their indigenous land (Asia). If the present trend ensues, the tiger population lead dwindle and tigers will soon join animals such as mammoths on the extinct species dip (Karanth and Sunquist 260). Current conservation efforts targeted at saving tigers are proving to be relatively ineffective since wrong practices such as poaching of tigers continues in the wild. In addition, if efforts to save the species fail, future generations will be unable to pry the maje sty of these creatures as the only evidence of tigers will be found in museums. Furthermore, if tigers become extinct, they will subtract a significant part of the food chan, ultimately creating a lack of balance in the wild. Saving the existing tiger population is quite feasible, especially considering the urgency with which conservers are seeking and employing groundbreaking ways of saving the species

Learning organisations Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Learning organisations - Literature review Example1999, p.131). The ability of a tuition arranging to manage knowledge has two different dimensions the internationalisation and the externalisation of knowledge (Salisbury 2008, p.56). Characteristics Learning is a key capability for a teaching organization. Organizational learning is often differentiated from learning as an activity performed by an individual. Using the pragmatic approach for explain the organisational learning it could be mention that learning in the context of organization is a continuous cycle of generating information, of integrating it in the organization, of reading it and on taking obligatory action (Dixon 1994, in Easterby et al. 1999, p.149). In order for learning to be hard-hitting and proactive in the context of organization, it needs to be developed towards two different directions employees should be adequate to(p) and willing to learn following the guidelines of the manager the organization should be also capable of learning, having incorporated the necessary mechanisms that support the promotional material of learning and innovation across the organization (Martin 2005, p.186). ... 2002, p.28) being differentiated from learning organization as an autonomous centre of organizational activities. Learning Capacity of organizations The ability of an organization to learn is bear upon by its structure and its resources these elements are likely to influence the organizations learning talent, which has been defined as its ability to learn individually and as a collective unit (Easterby et al. 1999, p.149). The level of organizations learning capacity sets the limits of their potential for growth through learning. Apart from the above criterion, the potentials of a learning organization are depended on the organizational culture in fact, organizational culture and structure are two key prerequisites of organizational learning (Easterby et al. 1999, p.149). The learning capacity of learning organizations is high in fact, these organizations are based on the promotion of learning in their internal and external environment because of their high learning capacity, learning organizations are much able to establish a series of advanced technologies and schemes, as for example, benchmarking, reward systems for their employees and outsourcing (Saxena et al. 2010, p.44). Internal and external mechanisms In accordance with the book The Fifth Discipline where the concept of learning organization is extensively analyzed thither are five technologies that highly support learning within organizations systems thinking, personal mastery, mental models, a overlap vision and team learning (Koontz et al. 2006, p.277). These technologies are not necessarily present in all learning organizations however, in case they are developed within a particular

Sacrifices that the Immigrant Parents Make by Coming to Live and to Essay

Sacrifices that the Immigrant Parents Make by Coming to Live and to Work in the United States - Essay ExampleThis research will mystify with the statement that parents always find the sacrifices that they understand for their families quite easy to bear. For instance, a mother can soft prepare up her career and become a house wife so as to make sure that her husband and her children have a comfortable daily life. A father can give up his dream job in order not to cash in ones chips his wife and children in town. plot every good parent has to make some sacrifices for the good of their families, the immigrate parents sacrifice the most in order to give their children a better life. In order to effectively meet the financial and the sparing needs of their families, the immigrant parents leave their homes or their hometowns in search of greener pasture abroad. The immigrant parents find it quite challenging to leave their hometowns with which they have already developed emotional a ttachments. Another major challenge that some(prenominal) immigrant parents face in foreign countries is the challenge of learning another new language. Despite these challenges that immigrant parents face in foreign countries, many people, however, especially in the United States have misconceptions or misunderstandings about immigrate parents. Many people in the United States forecast that the immigrant parents find it easy to stay in the United States other people think that the main reason behind the immigrant parents coming to the United States is all about money

Performance Theory or Theorizing Performance Essay

Performance Theory or Theorizing Performance - Essay idealFrom this paper, it is clear that the scene is a mixture of all kinds of elements that make a script worthwhile and captivate to the audience. The script has the elements of love, hatred, anger, irritation, etc. that make it attention grabbing for the audience and make it interesting and challenging for the role thespian as well. The use of material objects at the scene was outstanding and made it easy for us as well as the audience to focus on the main plot of the script. For example, the starting scene when go forth is sleeping on Skylers bed shows a deep intimacy he shares with her and the closeness of their relationship. provided at the same time, the scene portrays unpredictability to their relationship. The language of Will shows his aggression which is a reflection of the small fry abuse he went through in his early days with his father. He is continuously using shameful language which shows that he is not a foll ower of any culture and lives his life according to his feature rules. The use of abusive words adds up to the aggression in Will character. Moreover, the intensity of his anger is indicated with the pitch of his dialogues. He doesnt let Skyler complete the whole sentence and cuts her in between. And even if she says something Will doesnt listen to her and says whatever comes to him. The exercise displayed was an implication of the performance theories in theatrical performances. All the blocks of structured performance were connected with the use of right content, speech, objects, language, and actions.

The Global Exploration by the European Assignment

The Global Exploration by the European - Assignment ExampleTo this end, factors that motivated Europeans to research globally were primarily wealth, religious freedom or supremacy, and fame or glory (Newitt 2005, 1402).Explorers who found gold would baffle trade and material gain to themselves and their countries. The wealth resulting from this was equated to power, which became a great motivation to explore. Others decided to move to new-made regions where they could earn a living in friendlier environments. For example, groups of European settlers migrated from the Holland plantations to America where they intended to start farming and crack lifestyles. Religion was another factor, whereby the smaller ones in Europe were looked down upon. When members of the smaller religious groups got news of new territories, they began moving out to explore the possibility of spreading their religion, getting new followers and gaining supremacy oer others. Finally, many explorers were motiv ated by fame and glory. Kings and queens paid them to discover, map and name new land, hoping to be remembered by it. In conclusion, the three factors that motivated Europeans to explore globally can be summarized as wealth, religion and fame (Newitt 2005, 1409).shogunate is where the sovereignty of a state is embodied exclusively in the absolute kings or rulers person and not an assembly or nobles. Constitutionalism, on the other hand, limits government by law, implying a balance between the governments authority and the subjects rights. Whether written or not, the constitution governs the landed estate according to its provisions and protects the freedom of the subjects. The development of absolutism and constitutionalism can be compared and contrasted from the perspective of England, and France (Aboukhadijeh 2013).

Governance for security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Governance for security - Essay eventYet, the soil inherently cannot exist outside of a belief system in the mind it is a psychological or ideologic concept. Thus, Weber provides the justification for behavior going beyond common religion and the give tongue to itself is the reason that justifies the transgression. Historically, Webers theory is positioned at a time when the modern posit was first mobilizing its police force on military organization patterns in the defense of domestic security. hugger-mugger armies related to landlords and capitalist groups were also common internationally previous to this. Understanding the difference between these triad types of armies is important, for the distinctions still drive the system of conflict, civil war, and failed States worldwide today. The State security forces can be categorised as domestic and related to police forces or international and related to military forces. In gain to this, there can be seen private armies and wa rlords that operate on a local basis in spite of appearance the State on behalf of either minority ownership interests in capitalist economy or on an ideological basis. Also existing outside of the State monopoly are local insurrectionist groups and Marxist forces that seek to take hold of power or resources through violent means. The majority of conflicts in the 20th Century can be related to these three types of organized political power. The State seeks to provide security to all equally, the private armies of capitalism seek to preserve minority concentrations of wealth, and popular liberation armies organize against capitalist interests. The Marxist-Capitalist duality in violence is shaken in some ways by violent ideologies like Islamic groups who organize more or less assorted fundamental philosophies. Similarly, there is a division of violence that is represented by crime that is different than these forms of political violence. Private security forces may inherently targ et crime as a theme for operation rather than to combat the threat of political violence. Part of the Marxist critique is based upon the connivance of State power with capitalist interests that produce a non-egalitarian social policy or inherently strip vast segments of the population so that wealth can be concentrated in luxury, status, power, etc. With the fade of an armed Marxism with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the transformation of China into a capitalist economy, the status quo is more and more shattered by terrorism as it represents the third force of Islamic fundamentalism. This terrorism acts on a different ideology than Marxist insurrectionist violence, though both challenge the hegemony of capitalism as it aligns with the State in military power and international law. Private security by nature is an attempt to harbor and perpetuate vast differences in wealth, status, and power, for by definition the masses cannot afford it. The modern democratic State is se en as being tasked with the protection of domestic freedom, yet in doing so often contradicts its vey purpose in violating individual civil rights and liberties. In this manner, post-Marxism the target of the State security apparatus is crime and terrorism principally rather than the spread of State socialism or

Mapp v. Ohio Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mapp v. Ohio - enquiry Paper ExampleIn 1957, it was believed by the Cleveland Police Department that Dollree Mapp and her daughter were hiding a cute suspected bombing fugitive at their home. Upon demanding fascinate into her home, Mapp was advised by her attorney to deny them entrance as they did not possess the proper appear papers. As time passed, more officers arrived at her home, equable demanding entrance. Tired of being denied, they forced a door open and made their way into Mapps house. Immediately, Mapp unavoidable them to show proof that they had the authority to enter her house at all in response, the officers procured a warrant, which glum out to be just a piece of paper completely unrelated to a search warrant. Although Mapp was able to grab the warrant, it was pulled from her later, and when confronted in court, the police were unable to show proof that the document had been real.As the officers searched the house for the bombing suspect, they find a trunk in Mapp s basement that contains a sort of lewd and lascivious (Cohen, 2009) books and photographs. Even though Mapp claimed that the trunk was being held for a friend, police still arrested her, as the possession of these materials were against Ohio law. However, despite what police found, there was never any hint of a fugitive or any wanted person in the house. All the same, Mapp was convicted by the Court of Common Pleas based on the material that had been found in her home.When Mapp tried to appeal to the Ohio Court of Appeals, she was again to be found in the wrong. She took her case to the self-governing Court of Ohio, where her attorney fought that Mapp has no reason to have been brought to trial as the evince in question was obtained as the result of an illegal search that had been accomplished without the use of a warrant. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court of Ohio ruled against Mapp, claiming that the items from the trunk had been taken from an inanimate object and not a human be ing, allowing the

Total Quality Management College Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Total Quality focal point College - Term Paper ExampleMarks & Spenser work in fashion industry, consequently, considering the fact that Fashion is one(a) of the fastest changing trends in any society reflect the need for quality standards which should be mostly driven by the new trends in fashion liked by the customers. Therefore the customer-driven quality strategy is at the heart of the familiarity. This, however, is always achieved with effective coordination of sales departments of the company with the customers so that new trends argon identified and converted into product ideas accordingly.The overall importance of quality for this company lies in the various elements. These elements take clear coordination between the suppliers, production sales lag etc. this, therefore, has allowed the company to achieve continuous improvement. The company has a strong network of suppliers with which it has clear and strong relationships providing strong backup support in guild to g enerate the quality desired by the customers of the company. It is also evident from the fact that the company has effectively change into many areas and departments which has allowed it to maintain the quality standards it generated.Our chosen company in the service sector is HSBC Bank. HSBC is claimed to be the terra firmas local bank. It has the presence in many countries of the world with head quarter at UKthe.The set of quality for this organization matters a lot for the organization. HSBC works in an industry which is largely undifferentiated therefore it needs to compete on elements which may not be considered as conventional in their full-strength sense. Thus it has to bank on the quality of services it provides. Its quality services include facilitating the customers to bank through the internet so that they do not have to visit the branches. This facilitation along with other services much(prenominal) as quick and efficient processing of the customer requests, call ce nter facilitation, cordial and efficient staff have made HSBC a leader in the industry.

Mercy Health Systems Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

leniency Health remainss - Case Study deterrent exampleMercy provides services that span quatern core service areas, including hospital-based services, clinic-based services, post-acute guardianship and retail services, and insurance products. These four core service areas make up our comprehensive, vertically integrated delivery system, and integrated delivery is what makes Mercy unique in serving the full range of health care unavoidably of our patients. As theyve large(p) in size, they have increased the breadth and depth of care provided to our patients. They continually strive to improve the attribute of care received, stretching themselves to exceed the most stringent standards. They are committed to providing patients with the latest technology the trump medical teams and expert, compassionate care as we work to fulfill their mission of providing exceptional health care services resulting in healing in the broadest sense. These powerful words encapsulate the Mercy Hea lth System mission and organizations commitment to their patients and community members.To support its commitment to service excellence and delivery of quality care, MHS incorporates node requirements into the SPP and the PDCA improvement cycle through use of the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Model. The CRM Committee uses this model to systematically review current and potential customer feedback and determine changing customer requirements. MHSs key customers include patients, communities, and employers/enrollees. severalise inputs used to determine customer requirements, maintain dynamic customer interaction, and facilitate rapid response to needs include- Patient/Customer Satisfaction Surveys.- Service Recovery Program (SRP).- Market

Environmental Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

environmental Security - Essay ExampleEnvironmental SecurityAlthough there are various commentarys proposed by the millenary Project, they have been ranked according to importance, relevance and completeness. Based on such ranking the best definition so far that has approved by scientists is Environmental protective cover is the relative public safety from environmental dangers caused by natural or human processes due to ignorance, accident, mismanagement or design and originating within or across national borders (Chourou, 2011, p.373). In the global level, various aspects have been recognized as potential security threats in the next ten years. Human contribution is a major element since population egression is increasingly creating imbalance in the biodiversity. Similarly, climate change is becoming a grave issue more for negligence by humans than its manifestation. Moreover, overpopulation is rapidly creating food and water scarcity along with contamination of carry and ocea ns (Chourou, 2011, p.373).Environment security has today become a global concern, and it has attracted the attention of the security company. Therefore, the involved actors pull through the task of risk evaluation and it has been agreed upon that climate change causes potential hazards. The US security community remains engaged in evaluating every contingency and accordingly planning effective solutions. Environment is cardinal major issue that is rapidly gaining prominence in the context of defense planning. The use of military tools for environmental risk assessment is subjected to criticisms since these tools are force oriented.

Case Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case Management - Essay ExampleCase instruction croup also be referred to as program coordination or service coordination (Levine and Brill 5). Case-management is a enigma-solving function which is designed to ensure progression of services by overcoming the systems rigidity, misuse of certain facilities and fragmented services (Holt 15). Case management dominates in HIV/ AIDS programs in order to ensure that both the affected and their families get devil to care and other services. It is also used in other programs which include the elderly, people with chronic disabilities, jejune mothers, mental health thickenings, veterans, the disabled, school children, substance abusers, developmentally disabled individuals among others (Holt 140).There is a number of ways in which people can access their needs during case management. The case bus should identify the problem facing the client. This will ensure that he has understood the showcase of conflict that he should address. This enables him to prepare adequately in managing the case. After getting to know the type of client one is working with then, the case coach should be able to categorize the clients according to case management settings (Holt 56). These include classification according to organization, type of case manager, payment, and the case manager functions (Holt 57).The client one is working with should cooperate effectively. This is because cooperation is effective in reduction the emotional component of the conflict. As one continues dealing with the client, he or she should assess the adherence of the client to the case management procedure (Levine and Brill 34). The tests chosen for the client are supposed to be holy enough in order to generate the required end results (Holt 67). The case manager should take his/ her measure in monitoring the clients progress. Assessment of the client is an ongoing procedure (Holt 20). During this period, the case manager should have built a solid relat ionship with the client. Moreover,

Robin Hood Strategy Essay Example for Free

Robin Hood break throughline EssayPlease find my summary for the pre-assignment tasks in this memo. The assignment was to read three chapters of Robert M. Grants Contemporary dodge analysis, read two members and answer the mentioned questions Mini-case Robin Hood. Does Robin Hood require a new strategy? What should Robin Hoods strategy be? Why? To set off with, lets piss a bit of a background for Robin Hood and his band of Merrymen. The organizational structure of the Merrymen is a typical top-down addressment, with Robin Hood as the leader and a few lieutenants reporting to him works in intelligence, even up, finances and provisioning. The growing organization and Robin Hoods individualised vendetta atomic number 18 the basis for galore(postnominal) of the problems the Merrymen be veneering. Merrymens strategy is simple take from the rich and give to the poor, which antitheticaliates the concourse from its major competition who does the opposite, making Robin Hoods customers love the product they hurt to offer. thence one could say that Merrymens competitive approach is based on differentiation. What has made them successful so far? It has all started with Robin Hoods unique leadership skills, Robin is a genuinely strong and appealing leader.The organization would not have been born without him. What makes Merrymen succeed today is their vast resources (they have scale) and talent (unique expertise in robbing people). Another factor is quick knowlight-emitting diodege transfer for the new rears, transferring the robbing skills to impudently joined members and getting them to be productive quickly after onboarding. Their image/ distinguish is such an entrancing one that they atomic number 18 not facing major challenges in recruiting new people. Word of mouth carries the pass on quickly and there are lots of potential new comers joining the Merrymen.The work force is miserable cost, all they pretty much need is pabulum and shelter. One of the major weaknesses is Robins personal grudge with the sheriff. It is a key risk for the leader potentially not being able to escort the big picture and revolve about on what is good for the whole organization. Even though this seemed to be the commencement point for the organization to be formed the goals for the organization are now much bigger and the strategy must evolve accordingly. It is not uncommon that the strength of an organization is also their weakness. In order to trope scale, Merrymen had to change their recruitment strategy.Merrymen used to be quite picky in selecting the mountaindidates tho now they are welcoming almost anyone to join. This has led to several challenges, one of them being that they are exceeding the resources for food that the nearby forest provides leading them to spend lots of time and energy in risky ventures looking for food and having to use their finances to purchase food. The second issue is the change in recruitment policy whic h has led to a decline in discipline and vigilance. Naturally the space is becoming an issue as tumesce as the group expands continuously.The financials are hit also because of looting becoming more challenging. The merchants who previously traveled the woods are now avoiding them, keeping the Merrymen from looting their goods leading Robin Hood wondering what can their new funding strategy be, could it be taxation? Should they take a huge risk and strive to free King Richard, risking the fact that they might go against not just one sheriff and his men but also Prince John and his army? Recommendations for the Merrymen I would not recommend Merrymen to do major changes to the current strategy, such as freeing King Richard or seek to kill the sheriff.Merrymen should continue building on their strengths and the focus should be in executing better and starting with changing their recruitment and training policies. They shouldnt recruit just anyone but focus in acquiring talent. If food is an issue they should recruit skilled farmers and start building a self-sufficient ecosystem to the woods, as it used to be. Their organization has also grown rapidly and seems that a re-org would be needed. They give need more structure and better management to their org to bring back the discipline and to ensure successful execution.They should introduce more specialize teams with their own leaders (such as farmers, special ops, archers and so on ) and focus more on better training and knowledge sharing inside the more specialized teams. Their financials are going down and that has to be fixed by saving money (potentially letting whatever of the Merrymen go? ) and going where the money is i. e looting further away from the forests, creating new sites for the Merrymen in different woods might be a good idea to ensure continuous cash flow. To manage the external threats they must invest into spying what the sheriff is up to and where the next raids might be happening.To c onclude adoptt change the strategy, keep calm and improve the execution. Case Study buirdly Injection cast Systems. Why has Husky enjoyed greater profit margins than its competitors? Is Huskys profitability currently threatened? The primary reason for Huskys success is the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) industry niche and focusing to it at the right time, exactly when easily drink makers started to use plastic bottles and here Husky had the first mover advantage. Husky was clearly a differentiator and innovator in this market.Husky provided its customers with the complete and comprehensive manufacturing solutions by producing both products and services. The products were innovative, long indestructible and efficient. Husky also provided its customers a worldwide professional service to ensure the customers get the best out of the products. Husky managed to make competitors entry to the market very challenging for a long time because of their spirited performing products and excellent service. Now the challenges faced are the shortage of resin and new entries coming to postulate in the market.The shortage of PET resin has led to decreasing demand for injection molding systems hurting Huskys business. This is likely a temporary situation as resin makers are increase their capacity. Its also good to note that all companies in the aforesaid(prenominal) business are facing this same challenge. The main challenge is the new competitors trying to make an entry to the PET preform business. These are low-cost competitors who apparently are able to modify mainstream machines to suit the preform application as the article says. The competitors will be an attractive option for customers who focus more in lowering costs.The new competitors will threaten Huskys profitability and it is clear that they need to react to it, perhaps by trying to produce different sorts of machines both for the customers interested in low cost but at the same time keep producing the high performance machines. Producing high performance machines would be important to build the brand and would help selling the low costs machines as well, comparable situation to mobile phones business where many vendors produce high end devices to build the brand while they actually make the money from cheaper products that are sold in masses.

Formal Outline Essay Example for Free

Formal Outline EssayINTRODUCTIONAttention material The universe halt getting warmer almost 16 years ago, according to new data released last week. The figures, which break triggered debate among climate scientists, reveal that from the beginning of 1997 until August 2012, there was no discernible rise in aggregate global temperatures. This means that the plateau or pause in global warming has straightway lasted for close to the same time as the previous period when temperatures rose, 1980 to 1996. Before that, temperatures had been stable or declining for or so 40 years. Credibility material The current cycle of global warming is changing the rhythms of climate that totally living things have come to rely upon. What will we do to slow this warming? How will we vie with the changes weve already set into motion? While we struggle to figure it all out, the face of the Earth, as we have itcoasts, forests, farms, and snowcapped mountainshangs in the balance. Thesis statement Today I want to share what Ive learned about global warming and its causes. Preview We need to consider causes, effects and dangers of global warming.(Transition Lets begin by understanding much than about global warming.)BODYI. The Earth is warming and human activity is the unproblematic cause. A. U.S. scientists said in the media January 19, 2012, about the influence of mankind on the state of global warming has improver from 18% to 51%. B. The primary way humans cause global warming is by burn down fossil fuels. 1. When we drive or fly. 2. When we eat meat and Exotic Foods. 3. When we use electricity. 4. When You Move Into A peeled Development.(Transition Now, from this it becomes clear why humans are the main cause of global warming, lets meet its major effects)II. Global Warming effect information.A. The planet is warming, from North Pole to South Pole, and everywhere in between. Globally, the mercury is already up more(prenominal) than 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.8 degree Celsius), and even more in sensitive polar regions. B. Some impacts from increasing temperatures are already happening. 1. Ice is melting worldwide, oddly at the Earths poles. This includes mountain glaciers, ice sheets covering West Antarctica and Greenland, and Arctic sea ice. 2. tec Bill Fraser has tracked the decline of the Adlie penguins on Antarctica, where their numbers have fallen from 32,000 education pairs to 11,000 in 30 years. 3. ocean level rise became faster over the last century.4. Some butterflies, foxes, and alpine plants have moved farther north or to higher, cooler areas. 5. Precipitation (rain and snowfall) has increased across the globe, on average. 6. Spruce bark beetles have boomed in Alaska thanks to 20 years of warm summers. The insects have chewed up 4 million acres of spruce trees. C. Other effects could happen later this century, if warming continues. 1. Sea levels are expected to rise between 7 and 23 inches (18 and 59 centimeters) by the end of the ce ntury, and proceed melting at the poles could add between 4 and 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters). 2. Floods and droughts will become more earthy. Rainfall in Ethiopia, where droughts are already common, could decline by 10 percent over the future(a) 50 years.(Transition So now, we know about global warming effects, lets see our futureand how we can kettle of fish it?)III. Predicted Effects and Impacts of Global Warming.A. Future effects about global warming.1. Increased spread of infectious diseases an increase in the number of people exposed to vector borne diseases (e.g. cholera) and an increase in heat stress mortality. 2. dissolute water choice Projected climate change will tend to degrade water quality through higher water temperatures and increased pollutant load from runoff and overflows of waste facilities. 3. More frequent and more intense heat waves, droughts, and tropical cyclones. B. Some basic predictions of global warming.1. Global mean temperature should increase by between 1.4 and 5.8 C (2.5 to 10 F). 2. The sea level should rise by between 9 and 88 cm (3.5 to 35).(Transition Finally, I want to tell you about the solution of this huge problem.)IV. Solutions to Global Warming.A. There is no single solution to global warming.1. Boosting energy efficiency.2. Greening transportation.3. Revving up renewables4. Phasing out fossil fuel electricityManaging forests and gardening5.Exploring nuclear6.Developing and deploying new low-carbon and zero-carbon technologies.7. Ensuring sustainable developmentCONCLUSIONSummary statement Some impactssuch as record high temperatures, melting glaciers, and severe flooding and droughtsare already becoming increasingly common across the country and around the world. However, there is much we can do to protect the health and stinting well-being of current and future generations from the consequences of the heat-trapping emissions caused when we burn coal, oil, and gas to generate electricity, drive our cars, and fuel our businesses. Concluding remarks Since 1880 the world has warmed by 0.75 degrees Celsius.

Virtual Childhood reflection Essay Example for Free

Virtual Childhood reflection turn upDebbie has grown so much in the last few months. She has achieved some milestones that are predominantly seen amongst infants deep down this age brackets. Breast milk is s money box her main source of food up on till the time she clocked six months of age when solids were introduced. She sucks at everything that touches her lips this is due to the sucking reflex that is inborn. My virtual child take in fairly well she would once in a while vomit the food if she didnt burp. Her repulse development is consistently being tweaked as shes able to coordinate her pass objects from one hold to another. She occasionally paddles and kicks in sort of a swimming motion. Sleep is somewhat troubling because she wakes up at night to feed and she fusses occasionally for no reasons.Debbie is currently at six months and shes able to richly identify list persons in her life. This is because of the interactive activities she has been exposed to, such as re ading. Her cognitive abilities have develop with exposure to her surroundings especially during evening strolls. Debbie warms up to people after a period of time. This is because she knows the key people in her life while she takes a couple of minutes to warm up to strangers. in conclusion she warms up to them. At 3months she was starting to sleep together key persons in her life. By the 8month mark, she was able to fully recognize her parents. An emotional attachment had developed. She would cry passionately and we respond to her needs. According to Ainsworth the continuity of this attachment would only pattern a child a child who would tend to be insecure in the future.

Key Attributes of the Transformational Style of Leadership Essay Example for Free

Key Attributes of the Transformational Style of leadership EssayThe key attributes of the transformational style of lead argon as followsTask versus RelationshipWorking together in governments is increasingly the norm, yet the challenges of run awayings effectively are considerable. One challenge is conflictthe process resulting from the tension between team members because of concrete or perceived differences.Empowerment versus ControlThe empowerment leadership style calls for delegation and collaboration of the team, sequence control is about the competitive style of conflict, which is task orientedtaking a firm infrastructure and operating from a position of power. Getting Results versus Building CapacityGetting results and building efficiency should work hand in hand but can be at odds as well, depending on strategy and objectives. To gain results, a leader must build capacity of the team however, building capacity takes time and resources away from getting results.S hared VisionShared vision is related to the traditional excogitation of goal-oriented implementation and consensus building in strategy and leadership (related to products, technologies, or markets), and values are developed by strong, charismatic leaders and imbued in the organizations they create. A shared vision is imperative in that it is communicated and developed as the organizational culture.Self versus Team InterestsSelf versus team interest affects or is highly influenced by the organizations culture. How does the team or organization achieve itsobjectives and goals? Does the company promote and incentivize undivided effort in lieu of team objectives? With single person excelling and the team suffering, does the entire organization succeed? Many times, individual goals or incentives must be sacrificed for the good of the team.One example of a transformational leader is surface-to-air missile Walton, better of Wal-Mart, who often visited Wal-Mart stores across the countr y to meet with associates to show his appreciation for what they did for the company. Sam Walton gave rules for success in his autobiography, one of which was to appreciate associates with praise (Walton, 1996). Wal-Mart leaders embrace a philosophy called servant-leadership, which simply means that if you are a leader you involve to put the needs of your people first. Said another way, company leaders need to serve their employees (associates). When you boil it all down, the secret to Sam Waltons leadership philosophies is servant-leadership. His belief was that to truly be an inspirational leader, you must serve those whom you lead. In this regard, Sam was as much an amateur psychologist as he was a merchant (Bergdahl, 2004).There are 4 components to transformational leadership, sometimes referred to as the 4 IsIdealized define (II) the leader serves as an ideal role model for followers the leader walks the talk, and is admired for this.Inspirational need (IM) Transformationa l leaders have the ability to inspire and motivate followers. Combined these first two Is are what catch up with the transformational eaders charisma.Individualized Consideration (IC) Transformational leaders demonstrate genuine concern for the needs and feelings of followers. This personal attention to separately follower is a key element in bringing out their very best efforts. keen Stimulation (IS) the leader challenges followers to be innovative and creative. A common misunderstanding is that transformationalleaders are soft, but the truth is that they constantly challenge followers to higher levels of performance (Riggio, 2009).ReferencesBergdahl, M. (2004). What I Learned From Sam Walton How to Compete and Thrive in a Wal-Mart World. Hoboken, N.J. John Wiley Sons. Retrieved from http//web.ebscohost.com.libproxy.edmc.edu/ehost/detail?sid=2a112ec6-1217-47cc-8f02-3e3e27a41db7%40sessionmgr10vid=5bk=1hid=22bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3ddb=nlebkAN=119365Kouzes, J. (2007). The Leadership Challenge (4th ed). Jossey-Bass. Retrieved from http//digitalbookshelf.argosy.edu/books/9780470633397/Root/0Riggio, R. (2009). Cutting-Edge Leadership. Retrieved fromhttp//www.psychologytoday.com/blog/cutting-edge-leadership/200903/are-you-transformational-leader

Racism affects everybody Essay Example for Free

Racism affects bothbody set nighThis is shown in the photographic film Australia, how everyone can be affected by racism. Mevery different ways of racism towards raft in the movie Australia. A few of the main characters that are affected in the movie is Nullah, The herdsman, Lady Ashley. The people that are being most affected in the movie would have to be the indigenous, thats because the time the movie was set in, was when the white australia indemnity was happening, so pretty much every Australian was being racist towards aboriginal people. Racism is problem that everybody is affected in the world today.In the movie Australia, completely the aboriginal people was being well behaved, did everything they was told and followed the rules. Even then people was quiet down be racist towards them. Some of the ways racism was shown in the movie was how the aboriginals wasnt all(a)owed in the pubs, as well as Neil Fletcher was using Daisy for sex and didnt show any respect a nd also beat her and his son up. So pretty much all the Australians in this time period was against all indigenous people and all japanese because at the time australia was at war with japan and japan ended up bombard darwin.Nullah in the movie was a half cast, so he wasnt fully aboriginal or australian, he felt left out because he wasnt black or white, he was wholly a creamy colour. He was like this because of Neil Fletcher using his mother for sex. Nullah and his mother wasnt treated with any respect at all and both of them was also beat up, it was because Neil fletcher played a big agency in being racist towards Indigenous people. A good example of racism towards Nullah is when he is about to get on the ship to the mission and a young australian boy was yelling to him and apothegm Creamy and kept saying that to Nullah.Near the end of the movie Nullah wants to go walk about with his Grandfather. If you go on this walk about It means you become a man, its part of the aboriginal tradition, counterbalance though Nullah isnt a full blooded aboriginal, he still wants to keep live by his aboriginal culture and follow the aboriginal tradition and become a man through the straight aboriginal way. The ground all this racism was happening towards the aboriginal people was because of the government. They had made a policy in the australia called the white australia policy, this policy wanted australia to only have fully white blooded australians in australia only.The half cast kids like Nullah was sent to a mission to learn about the christianity and how australians live, the other reason they were sent there is because australian people wasnt proud of having sex with aboriginal women and then they didnt want half cast kids in the public because it would remind them of what they did with those aboriginal women and they didnt want that. So the government made missions where, the half cast kids were causen from their families by the police and wasnt allowed to se e their families again. The kids that were taken when they were are now called the stolen generation.The two people in the movie that werent being racist towards aboriginal people was The Drover and Lady Ashley, this was because they both had a connection with the aboriginal people in the movie, The Drovers partner in the movie was an aboriginal and The Drover felt like he was an aboriginal and thinking that people treated him like one. He also sticked up for his partner at the pub, this shows how close Drover was to his partner. Lady was close to aboriginal people because of Nullahs mother dying and she took up mothering for Nullah, this made a strong connection between them.When Neil Fletcher was beating up Nullah Lady Ashley stepped in and protected Nullah. In conclusion, It doesnt matter if someone is being racist towards an individual, it will affect other people to. Even all the years ago, when the white australia policy was taking place, the racism towards the aboriginals an d the stolen generation, It is still affecting most of Australia today and a lot of people are sorry to the stolen generation because what the government did was very wrong and it didnt take not long to see what they done. Racism still happens today everywhere and it does affect everyone.

Business Strategy Essay Example for Free

Business Strategy shewIn 2006, Starbucks, the ubiquitous coffee retailer, closed a decade of astounding financial performance. Sales had increase from $697 million to $7.8 billion and net profits from $36 million to $540 million. In 2006, Starbucks was clear uping a return on invested capital of 25.5%, which was impressive by any measure, and the company was forecasted to continue growing earnings and maintain graduate(prenominal) profits through to the end of the decade. How did this come about? Thirty years ago Starbucks was a hit store in Seattles Pike Place Market interchangeing premium roasted coffee. forthwith it is a global roaster and retailer of coffee with more than 12,000 retail stores, some 3,000 of which argon to be order in 40 countries outside the United States. Starbucks Corporation set out on its current business line in the 1980s when the companys director of marketing, Howard Schultz, came back from a trip to Italy enchanted with the Italian coffeehous e experience.Schultz, who later became CEO, persuaded the companys accepters to experiment with the coffeehouse formatand the Starbucks experience was born. Schultzs base insight was that people lacked a third place between home and work where they could have their give birth personal time out, meet with friends, relax, and have a sense of gathering. The business model that evolved out of this was to sell the companys own premium roasted coffee, along with freshly brewed espresso-style coffee beverages, a diversity of pastries, coffee accessories, teas, and other products, in a coffeehouse setting. The company devoted, and continues to devote, considerable attention to the design of its stores, so as to create a relaxed, informal and comfortable atmosphere. Underlying this approach was a belief that Starbucks was marketing far more than coffee it was selling an experience. The premium price that Starbucks charged for its coffee reflected this fact.From the outset, Schultz also concentrate on providing superior client proceeds in stores. Reasoning that motivated employees provide the dress hat customer service, Starbucks executives directed employee hiring and cooking programs that were the surmount in the restaurant industry. Today, all Starbucks employees are required to attend training classes that teach them not only how to make a good cup of coffee, but also the service oriented values of the company. Beyond this, Starbucks provided progressive compensation policies that gave even part-time employees stock option grants and checkup benefits a very innovative approach in an industry where most employees are part time, earn minimum wage and have no benefits.Unlike many restaurant chains, which expanded very rapidly through franchising arrangement once they have established a basic formula that appears to work, Schultz believed that Starbucks needed to own its stores. Although it has experimented with franchising arrangements in some countries, and some situations in the United States such as at airports, the company dormant prefers to own its own stores whenever assertable. This formula met with spectacular success in the United States, where Starbucks went from obscurity to one of the best known brands in the country in a decade. As it grew, Starbucks found that it was generating an enormous volume of ingeminate business. Today the average customer comes into a Starbucks store around 20 times a month. The customers themselves are a fairly well healed group their average income is about $80,000.As the company grew, it started to develop a very sophisticated location strategy. Detailed demographic analysis was used to identify the best locations for Starbucks stores. The company expanded rapidly to capture as many premium locations as possible before imitators. Astounding many observers, Starbucks would even sometimes locate stores on opposite corners of the same restless street so that it could capture traffic goin g different directions down the street.By 1995 with almost 700 stores across the United States, Starbucks began exploring foreign opportunities. First stop was Japan, where Starbucks proved that the basic value pro part could be apply to a different cultural setting (there are now 600 stores in Japan). Next, Starbucks embarked upon a rapid growth strategy in Asia and Europe. By 2001, the magazine Brandchannel named Starbucks one the ten most impactful global brands, a position it has held ever since. But this is only the beginning. In late 2006, with 12,000 stores in operation, the company announced that its long line goal was to have 40,000 stores worldwide. Looking forward, it expects 50% of all new store openings to be outside of the United.i causal agent Discussion Questions1. What functional strategies at Starbucks help the company to achieve superior financial performance? 2. recognize the resources, capabilities and distinctive competencies of Starbucks? 3. How do Starbu cks resources, capabilities and distinctive competencies translate into superior financial performance? 4. Why do you cogitate Starbucks prefers to own its own stores whenever possible? 5. How secure is Starbucks competitive advantage?What are the barriers to imitation here?SourcesStarbucks 10K, confused years C. McLean, Starbucks Set to Invade Coffee-Loving Continent, Seattle Times, October 4, 2000, p. E1 J. Ordonez, Starbucks to Start Major Expansion in Overseas Market, Wall pathway Journal, October 27, 2000, p. B10 S. Homes and D. Bennett, Planet Starbucks, Business Week, September 9, 2002, pp 99110 J. Batsell, A Bean Counters Dream, Seattle Times, March 28th, 2004, scalawag E1 staff Reporter, Boss Talk its a Grande Latte World, Wall Street Journal, December 15, 2003, page B1. States. C. Harris, Starbucks beats estimates, outlines expansion plans, Seattle Post Intelligencer, October 5th, 2006, page C1

Health and Social Care Essay Example for Free

wellness and Social Care EssayWe acknowledge with sincere thanks the many population who gave generously of their time to help us with this discipline. We particularly appreciate the expertise and advice o? ered by Arnon Bentovim, Richard Velleman, Lorna Templeton, Carolyn Davies and Sheena Prentice. The work has been funded by the Department for Education and we thank sta? in the department, particularly Jenny Gray who indorseed us throughout the work with her interest and valuable comments.The work was assisted by an advisory group whose social station was Isabella Craig and Jenny Gray (Department for Education) Christine Humphrey (Department of Health) and Sian Rees (NICE) Arnon Bentovim ( playsultant child and adolescent psychiatrist at the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children and the Tavistock Clinic) Marian Brandon (reader in social work, University of East Anglia) Carolyn Davies(research advisor, Institute of Education, University of London) Jo Fox (social work consu ltant, Child-Centred Practice) David Jones (consultant child and family psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford) process McGaw (specialist in learning disabilities, Cornwall Partnership Trust) Sheena Prentice (specialist midwife in mettle misuse, Nottingham City PCT) Wendy Rose (The rotate University) Lorna Templeton (manager of the Alcohol, Drugs and the Family Research Programme, University of Bath) and Richard Velleman (University of Bath and director of development and research, Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust). Introduction This second strain of Childrens postulate Parenting Capacity provides an update on the impact of parental problems, such as substance misuse, home(prenominal) violence, learning disability and psychical illness, on childrens welfare. Research, and in particular the biennial overview reports of severe case reviews (Brandon et al 2008 2009 2010), have continued to emphasise the importance of understanding and acting on concerns active childrens safety and welfare when living in households where these types of parental problems are present.Almost three lodge of the children in both this and the 2003-05 study had been living with past or current domestic violence and or parental psychical ill health and or substance misuse often in combination. (Brandon et al 2010, p. 112) These concerns were very similar to those that prompted the ? rst edition of this book, which was commissioned following the emergence of these themes from the Department of Healths computer program of child shield research studies (Department of Health 1995a). These studies had demonstrated that a high level of parental noetic illness, problem alcohol and medicate abuse and domestic violence were present in families of children who become abstruse in the child egis system. Research contextThe 2010 Government statistics for England demonstrate that, as in the 1990s, exclusively a very small proportion of c hildren referred to childrens social bang become the subject of a child aegis plan (Department for Education 2010b). However, the types of parental problems outlined above are not con? ned to families where a child is the subject of a child protection plan (Brandon et al. 2008, 2009, 2010 Rose and Barnes 2008). In many families childrens health and development are being a? ected by the di? culties their parents are experiencing. The ? ndings from research, however, suggest that run are not always forthcoming. Practically a quarter of referrals to childrens social care resulted in no action being taken (Cleaver and Walker with Meadows 2004).Lord Lamings progress report (2009) withal expressed concerns that referrals to childrens services from other schoolmasters did not always lead to an initial assessment and that a lot to a greater extent necessarily to be done to ensure that the services are as e? ective as possible at working together to achieve positive outcomes for chil dren (Lord Laming 2009, p. 9, paragraph 1. 1). Practitioners fear of failing to make a child in need of protection is also a factor driving up the numbers of referrals to childrens social care services which result in no provision of help. This is creating a skewed system that is paying so much attention to identifying cases of abuse 2 Childrens Needs Parenting Capacityand neglect that it is draining time and resource away from families (rice beer 2010, p. 6). Munros Interim subject (2011) draws attention once again to the highly traumatic experience for children and families who are drawn into the Child defense system where maltreatment is not found, which leaves them with a fear of asking for help in the future. A ? nding which was identi? ed by earlier research on child protection (Cleaver and Freeman 1995). Evidence from the 1995 child protection research (Department of Health 1995a) indicated that when parents have problems of their own, these may adversely a? ect their cap acity to reply to the needs of their children.For example, Cleaver and Freeman (1995) found in their study of suspected child abuse that in more than than half of the cases, families were experiencing a number of problems including mental illness or learning disability, problem drinking and drug use, or domestic violence. A similar picture of the di? culties facing families who have been referred to childrens social care services emerges from more recent research (Cleaver and Walker with Meadows 2004). It is estimated that there are 120,000 families experiencing multiple problems, including poor mental health, alcohol and drug misuse, and domestic violence. Over a third of these families have children subject to child protection procedures (Munro 2011, p. 30, paragraph 2. 30).Childrens services have the task of identifying children who may need additional services in order to improve their well-being as relating to their (a) physical and mental health and emotional well-being (b) protection from abuse and neglect (c) education, training and recreation (d) the contribution made by them to society and (e) social and sparing well-being. (Section 10(2) of the Children Act 2004) The Common Assessment Framework (Childrens Workforce Development Council 2010) and the Assessment Framework (Department of Health et al. 2000) enable frontline professionals working with children to gain an holistic picture of the childs world and identify more easily the di? culties children and families may be experiencing. Although research suggests that social workers (Cleaver et al.2007) and health professionals are equipped to recognise and respond to indications that a child is being, or is likely to be, abused or neglected, there is less evidence in relation to teachers and the legal philosophy (Daniel et al. 2009). The identi? cation of childrens needs may have improved, but understanding how parental mental illness, learning disabilities, substance misuse and domestic violence a? ect children and families still requires more attention. For example, a small in-depth study found less than half (46%) of the managers in childrens social care, health and the police rated as good their understanding of the impact on children of parental substance misuse, although this rose to 61% in relation to the impact of domestic violence (Cleaver et al. 2007).The need for more training on assessing the likelihood of harm to children of parental drug and alcohol misuse Introduction 3 was also highlighted by a flock of 248 newly quali? ed social workers (Galvani and Forrester 2009). A call for more high- whole tone training on child protection across social care, health and police was also made by Lord Laming (2009). Munros review of child protection in exploring why previous well-intentioned reforms have not resulted in the expected level of improvements (p. 3) highlighted the unintended consequences of restrictive rules and guidance, which have left social workers feelin g that their professional judgement is not seen as a signi?cant aspect of the social work task it is no longer an activity which is valued, developed or rewarded (Munro 2010, p. 30, paragraph 2. 16). The experience of professionals providing specialist services for adults can jump out assessments of children in need living with parental mental illness, learning disability, substance misuse or domestic violence. Research, however, shows that in such cases collaboration between adults and childrens services at the assessment stage rarely happens (Cleaver et al. 2007 Cleaver and Nicholson 2007) and a lack of relevant information may negatively a? ect the quality of decision making (Bell 2001). An agreed consensus of one others roles and responsibilities is essential for agencies to work collaboratively.The evidence provided to the Munro review (2011) found mixed experiences and absence of consensus about how well professionals are understanding one anothers roles and working togethe r and argues for thoughtfully designed local anesthetic agreements between professionals about how best to give notice (of) with each other about their work with a family (Munro 2011, p. 28, paragraph 2. 23). Although research shows that the development of joint protocols and informationsharing procedures support collaborative working between childrens and adults services (Cleaver et al. 2007), a survey of 50 English local authorities found only 12% had clear family-focused policies or joint protocols (Community Care 2009).

Childs Healthy Development in School Essay Example for Free

Childs Healthy teaching in School EssayWhen people esteem of dramatic changes in children over term, they typically think about the first two or three years of intent. Although these years are marked by striking changes, the maturemental and tender changes that occur between cipher over ons 6 and 14 are dramatic, as well. create by mental act a six-year-old girl starting first grade maybe she has braids in her hair and is wearing a cute dress she looks like a little girl and she is apt(predicate) to be quite steamy about going off to domesticate. Her parents still exercise great control over her comings and goings their biggest worries are li open(predicate) to be about her safety when crossing streets and about her adjustment to elementary school. Now imagine that like girl as a 14-year-old starting the ninth grade She now looks like a liberal woman, leading her parents to worry about the negative work ons of colleagues, and the risk that she may come to phys ical harm during the approximately(prenominal) hours that she is away from home. Equally dramatic changes occur in the social contexts where youngsters spend time.A six-year-old boy is likely to be enrolled in a local neighborhood elementary schoolperhaps within move distance from home. By age 14, he will comport changed schools at least once, moving into a junior high school or middle school. He may be looking anterior to his classes, or he may have already psychologically turned his back on form- hardly(prenominal) schooling. He may have sampled out-of-school activities from Scouts to basketball to handling a paper route. Because the experiences both boys and girls have in school and early(a) activities will shape their development by means of this pivotal age period. distributively period is marked by basic biological and cognitive changes, as well as changes in the social surroundings where childrens daily lives unfold. Exercising their change by reversaling autonomy in school and organize programs, children perk about the world outside the family, match themselves against the expectations of others, compare their performance with that of their accomplices, and develop customary ship canal of responding to challenges and learning opportunities. Through these years, they forge a personal identity, a self-concept, and an orientation toward achievement that will repair a significant mapping in shaping their triumph in school, work, and life.Although researchers and policymakers have focused on the school as the critical arena in which development occurs and childrens futures are sculpted, out-of-school programs leave alternative environments in which children can learn about themselves and their worlds, and can discover opportunities for carving their aver versions of success. center(a) puerility (6-8 years of age) Developmental Milestones center(a) childhood brings many changes in a childs life. By this time, children can dress themselves, catch a ball more(prenominal) than easy using only their hands, and tie their shoes. Having license from family becomes more all important(predicate) now.Events such as starting school bring children this age into regular contact with the larger world. Friendships become more and more important. Physical, social, and mental skills develop quickly at this time. This is a critical time for children to develop confidence in all areas of life, such as through friends, schoolwork, and sports. Here is several(prenominal) information on how children develop during middle childhood stirred up/ kind Changes Children in this age group energy * translate more independence from parents and family. * Start to think about the future. * transform more about his or her place in the world.* Pay more attention to friendships and teamwork. * Want to be liked and accepted by friends. Thinking and Learning ( noetic Changes) Children in this age group might * Show rapid development of mental skills. * Learn reform slipway to describe experiences and talk about thoughts and feelings. * discombobulate less focus on ones self and more concern for others. Middle Childhood (9-11 years of age) Developmental Milestones Your childs growing independence from the family and interest in friends might be obvious by now. Healthy friendships are very important to your childs development, but mates squelch can become strong during this time.Children who feel honest about themselves are more able to resist negative couple pressure and make remedy choices for themselves. This is an important time for children to gain a sense of responsibility along with their growing independence. Also, physical changes of puberty might be showing by now, e redundantly for girls. A nonher big change children need to prepare for during this time is starting middle or junior high school. Here is some information on how children develop during middle childhood Emotional/Social Changes Children in t his age group might* Start to form stronger, more complex friendships and peer relationships. It becomes more emotionally important to have friends, especially of the same sex. * Experience more peer pressure. * decease more aware of his or her body as puberty approaches. Body image and eating problems sometimes start around this age. Thinking and Learning (Mental Changes) Children in this age group might * Face more academic challenges at school. * Become more independent from the family. * Begin to work through the point of view of others more clearly. * Have an increased attention span. Young Teens (12-14 years of age).Developmental Milestones This is a time of many physical, mental, emotional, and social changes. Hormones change as puberty begins. Most boys grow facial and pubic hair and their voices deepen. Most girls grow pubic hair and breasts, and start their period. They might be worried about these changes and how they are looked at by others. This also will be a time wh en your teen might face peer pressure to use alcohol, tobacco products, and drugs. Other challenges can be eating disorders, depression, and family problems. At this age, teens make more of their own choices about friends, sports, studying, and school.They become more independent, with their own personality and interests, although parents are still very important. Here is some information on how young teens develop Emotional/Social Changes Children in this age group might * Show more concern about body image, looks, and clothes. * Focus on themselves going back and forward between high expectations and lack of confidence. * Experience more moodiness. * Show more interest in and exercise by peer group. * Express less affection toward parents sometimes might seem rude or short-tempered. * Feel stress from more challenging school work. * Develop eating problems.Thinking and Learning ( Mental Changes ) Children in this age group might * Have more ability for complex thought. * Be bett er able to express feelings through talking. * Develop a stronger sense of right and wrong. Changes in Social environment The cognitive changes just described give children an expanded view of their social world and of themselves, providing the foundation for important social and emotional changes that also begin in these years. Along with their broadened exposure to adults and peers outside the family, children of these ages are typically given more freedom, more responsibilities, and more rights.This period is therefore marked by tensions between the bare-assed autonomy and the increasing expectations children encounter, which can either support or hamper the development of self-confidence. Broadening Social Worlds In the middle-childhood years, children spend less time under the supervision of their parents and come increasingly under the influence of teachers and activity Leaders such as Sunday school teachers, coaches of Little League sports, instructors of dance or ballet, m usic teachers, camp counselors, scout leaders.In contrast with the intimacy and familiarity that characterize family relationships, participation in school and formal programs exposes children to different Religious and ethnic groups, as well as diverse personal styles. They see adults acting in various social roles, and they see different adults acting in the same roleas teacher or camp counselor, for example. These experiences give children a chance to compare adults with one some other and to observe how authority figures judge the behaviors and personalities of their peers.Increasingly, children spend time with their peers outside the orbit of parental control. Members of peer groups are responsible for managing their own relationships by controlling group dynamics, providing nurturance to each other, and sometimes establishing hierarchies within the group. As children get older, they also seek to contribute to their best friends happiness, and they become sensitive to what mat ters to other people. There is a showtime of a we feeling that goes beyond cooperation children begin to adjust to the needs of others in pursuit of mutual interests.At the same time, of course, children are concerned with winning acceptance from their peers, and they must manage conflicts between the behavior judge of them by adults and the social goals of the peer group. Entering formal organizations such as schools and after-school programs represents a dismissal for children In the preschool years, their social roles were defined for them at birth (as a daughter or a brother). In middle childhood, their roles in school, programs, and friendship groups reflect their personal qualities and achievements. 1. Developmental Variations Behaviors within the Range of Expected Behaviors for That historic period GroupA) Developmental Variation (Social Interaction Variation) Because of constitutional and/or psychological factors, children and callows will vary in their ability and des ire to interact with other people. Less socially Adept or desirous children do not have a problem as long as it does not interfere with their median(prenominal) development and activities. B) Common Developmental Presentations Middle Childhood The child may not make friends easily and be less socially adept. The child may prefer solitary play at times. ( faintness) Adolescence The adolescent has limited concern regarding popular dress, interests, and activities.The adolescent finds it difficult to make friends at times. 2. PROBLEM SHYNESS Middle Childhood The child is very unsure, reticent, shows an increased concern about order and rules, is socially isolated, rarely initiates peer interactions, and prefers solitary activities to peer group activities. Adolescence The adolescent shows difficulty in social situations, has limited friendships, is socially isolated, may be a loner, prefers solitary activities to peer group activities, is reticent, has eccentric hobbies and interest s, and has limited concern regarding popular styles of dress, behavior, or role models.Background Most people have felt diffident(p) at some time or in some situation. As many as 25% of high school and college students newspaper having been shy most of their lives (Schwartz Johnson, 1985). Excessive backwardness, however, reduces both the amount and quality of social interactions a child has with others and results in lowered peer acceptance and fewer opportunities to acquire social skills. It is not clear why some children are bashful and withdrawing whereas others tend to be more outgoing. Several factors may be involved, including genetics, temperament, anxiety, and lack of social skills. DevelopmentSome degree of shyness in children is to be expected and is part of the childs normal development (Berk, 1989). A fairly high percentage of preschoolers are described as bashful and annuling contact with others (Schwartz Johnson, 1985). mingled with 30% and 50% of school-age ch ildren report feeling shy (Peterson, 1987). When shyness is experienced by the child in many or most situations over an extended period of time, interventions to help the child interact more appropriately are called for. Chronic and severe shyness can have a negative tinct on social, emotional, and academic development.Shy children often have poor self-concept, feelings of failure, and make negative self-statements. The anxiety that accompanies shyness impairs memory and concentration and may keep children from asking for needed help in school. What Can I Do as a Parent? It will be important for your child to learn ways to reduce his or her anxiety in social situations. If the child does not possess the social skills needed to interact with others, it may be necessary to teach social skills directly. The child also needs to learn to feel better about himself or herself as a person.There are many ways to accomplish these goals. Make sure your child knows that they are loved and va lued regardless of their behavior or performance. Talk with your child. about their experiences and help them to evaluate those experiences in nonjudgmental ways that allow them to feel good about themselves. Many times children judge themselves much more harshly than we realize and blame themselves for situations and events they cannot control. As a parent, you can give your child more independence and opportunities to demonstrate responsibility.Successful handling of independence and responsibility will help to foster an improved self-image. A childs image of himself or herself is built on a foundation of many small experiences. The more of those that demonstrate to the child that they possess the capability to succeed, the better the resulting self-image will be. Parents can seek out and provide activities that will allow the child to experience success in social environments. unified group activities or small groups of one or two other children may facilitate success for the sh y child.Parents can discuss, rehearse, and role-play activities with children such as introducing oneself, asking a peer to play, or joining a group of children who are playing a game. If the child is involved in a social-skills training program, parents can reinforce targeted social skills and provide opportunities for rehearsal of skills. If your child is severely shy and inhibited in most situations, the best course of action may include seeking professional help, either through the school, local mental health agency, or your family physician.Severe shyness affects many aspects of the childs life and should not be left unaddressed. What Can I Do as a Teacher? Shy children may be easily overlooked in a busy classroom because they do not present classroom management problems and usually comply with instructions. Teachers need to be sensitive to the needs of shy children and facilitate their interaction with others and their participation in the class. Because shy children are ofte n characterized by anxiety, it is best to avoid drawing attention to them or putting them in situations that will require that they be the center of attention.Structured interactions and small group activities may best facilitate participation by shy students. When children are to work on projects in small groups, the teacher should form the groups rather than allowing students to group themselves. Teachers can take this chance to pair shy youngsters with socially competent students who will serve as models for them. Teachers need to avoid reinforcing shy behavior, to be sensitive to the needs of shy children but to refrain from giving the shy child special attention or privileges.When shy children interact appropriately that is the behavior that should be reinforced. There is a immanent tendency to either ignore or be overly protective of shy children, but incomplete of these responses benefits the child. Shy children should be encouraged to interact, provided with opportunities to interact in small, structured settings, and reinforced for interacting. Direct social-skills training and accident management procedures have been found to produce positive results and may be beneficial for the entire class.

Television And American Society Essay Example for Free

Television And American Society EssayIntroductionTelevision Programs atomic number 18 aimed at entertainment. In the unite States, most of the video classs in existence with the stated aims and objectives, owe their initial background to the practical situation and past views encountered by the blacks. When blacks be mentioned, the issue of racial discrimination mechanic anyy opens chapter. The initial situation and experiences of the blacks is characterized by racial discrimination. The initial social authoritys, the blacks were housemaids, fairs cooks, whites mammies and other sorts of servants. They were also seen as sneak artists and even deadbeats. The technology of the tellys came up in virtually environment, which was completely unfamiliar to these blacks.The blacks occupied less middle-level positions of baby sitters and nurturers for the white, to cater and manage the households of the whites and to the spectaculargonr degree, restoration of balance and har mony in the house holds of the whites. The whites were actually comfortable to entrust the black on these roles. However, more responsible social and civic responsibilities were denied the blacks by the whites. (Durham Kellner, 450)The blacks had an appreciated talent to amuse the whites through humor and this is the most significant tool to their success in the aliment of humor in video recording programs. The black and the Whites occupied separate and unequal worlds in their existence, in damage of material and discursive attri only ifes.Television programs and BlacknessThe programs aimed at entertainment in the United States be a good avenue to pass the information on intertextual and autobiographical issues of the blacks. (Durham Kellner, 452)The blacks possesses an inherent talent of creating humor in a show whose amusement is so strong as to blind the culturally offensive pass put across by the show. The show exhibing total darkness covers the institutional and cultural programs all of which are characterized by race and gender.The centre of interest in these television programs is the African American in all areas of its conniption aesthetic, context and narrative. (Newcomb, 564) The highlights of the entertainment programs usually attack fields such as class, gender, religion, colour and culture all visionalized, in the predominant angel of social location and cultural context to the African American (Williams, 110)The television program raises an attitude of hegemony whereby social and cultural forces emerge as influencing factors of policy-making rule and domination. Through these television entertainment programs, the actors make use of their physical and material resources, very inherent and talented towards an entertainment to others. The pass receiver corporation interprets the presentation as an art, an entertainment or leisure. These people see the natural world as being internal to them and also in direct personal relationships wi th other people they encounter. (Williams, 112)According to hegemony dominant substances inherent in African Americans are disguised as fictional entertainment in the United States. These are a great assumption step forwardcomen with respect to this scenario that the sender and the receiver interpret the message of the program in the same understanding. The sender is making use of the inherent talent of humor and experience to come up with a message whose consequences are of political concern, since the control of these messages is a form of political control. The earshot of the program may come up with multiple meanings of the message that were not a priory. Examined, controlled for or asked for (Newcomb, 565) The television programs are a form of ritual communication whose aim and goal is to retain the society and to represent the shared beliefs of the society. The programs create an invisibility of the African American and an authorized representation by the white of the bla ckness.The television programs portray blackness and black themes for the purposes of entertainment to the whites due to the humorous attribute associated with the Africans. The white producers take this advantage of audience appreciation and they stage the African humor at the expense of blacks. The black Americans are left suffering out of the social problems confronting them. The humor in the programs is out of the programs highlights of racism and sexual urgeism, which have got great social impact and cultural meaning to the audience. (Williams, 110)The programs present blacks playing subservient roles in the society and stereotyping the blacks composition still the humor out these is enjoyed. In first instances amusement created by the program blinds the offensive side. ethnic and racial politics in the programs is the cause of humor to the whites. The programs cores are further unfair to the African Americans by considering just as minor and a coincidental theme of the play , the social and the cultural facts of blacknessIt is the responsibleness of every means of communication to uplift the ethical and moral standards of the society. This target is practically defeated by the television programs aimed at entertaining the audience as part of leisure. The televisions present programs, which highlight the use of drugs. pastime in sex, acts of rebellion and extreme deviance behavior of the individuals.These issues are humorous and attract the audience but the far reaching consequences are towards the lowering of the ethical and moral standards of the society. The programs also exhibit a feel of upward social mobility of the blacks and the replacement of black urban poverty with middle class affluence and soon enough retain the humor of the audience. (Newcomb, 568)Conflicts as age and suspicion based on race and colour are associated to the central elements of the contemporary America way of life by the programs. This portrays the life of Americans to be a graphic symbol of middle class family life (Newcomb, 569)The Americans are making all efforts to fight all form of racial and class discrimination. The Americans are also determined to fight gender discrimination in terms of sex and age. The social ills of drug abuse sexual abuse, deviance and rebellion are also practically out of the Americans policies. However the television programs structure and viewpoint are contributing factors to defeat these aims and objectives.They portray to the world what is the position of African Americans, which is not a part of the modern American society. The views and perspectives of these programs highlight the social locations and experiences subjected to the African Americans. The program highlight situation comedy, variety, talks among others, which in totality operate vividly, and comfortably within the conventional and aesthetic boundaries of African Americans. (Newcomb, 570) Morality issues circumvent around racism and this is a represe ntation of the blacks in the society as per the television programs in the United States. The television programs also features badly on the state of education and unemployment as negatively affecting the African Americans in the urban areas of the United States. The programs also fail to address some very crucial issues that affect so many blacks in the United States.The audiences are not confine to the programs representation of the African Americans and therefore they should be examined and their effects of derailing the meanings and pleasures correctly checked. The blacks presence in the United States is jeopardise with race, gender, class and power and inequalities related to these are a result of prejudice. (Newcomb, 571)Racial invisibility and colour blindness integrate Black characters into hegemonic white worlds. This appeal to visions of colour blindness and universal harmony. The uniqueness of the blacks in the shows is the charitable factor to create humor and a sens e of fitness in a normative television universe. The inherent victimization, anger and irrationality in the blacks at the shows, due to the pains of exclusion from society are a cause of humor to the audience. This in the truest sense is racial prejudice. (Durham Kellner, 447) In the programs the whites acts the position of sympathizers for the elimination of this prejudice.The programs break American values bearing in mind that the effect of any communication is to persuade the audience to change attitudes, to modify behaviour and to take part in socialization. Any form of communication helps to maintain the values of a society and to represent the shared beliefs. These programs are responsible for production of dominant ideologies so influential as to take the audience into a dreamland. (Williams, 110)ConclusionThe programs bring out the blacks as nutriment simple and linearly dimensional lives in a segregated universe. They are seen to be subjected to the challenges of domesti c lives such as child rearing, embarrassments, and awkward situations among others. Modern America is reduced to ancient behaviours of race relationships characterized by conflict, strain and apartheid and the African Americans dependent on cultural pluralism. These programs make use of cultural politics within blackness to constantly modify the African Americans life, and comprehensively explain the position of an American from the point of view of an African American.Works cited pageHorace Newcomb. Television the critical view. Oxford University press, New York Oxford. 2000.Meenakshi Gigi Durham, Douglas M. Kellner. Media and Cultural Studies. Blackwell publishers.2001Raymond Williams. Marxism and Literature. Oxford University press New York. 1997

Chinese culture Essay Example for Free

Chinese culture Essay1. Executive Summary Business today is becoming to a greater extent universal and it is common to travel around the world for business dealings. In order to clinch a business deal with parties of antonym countries, it is essential to do some research ab off the country first. This get break provide critical information about their business tradition, etiquette issues and other factors that will allow easier acceptance of Singaporean business persons. china being the largest populated country of 1. 3 billion, with an bea of 9,600,000 square kilometers, has a pine history, unique culture and a wide variety of distinctive customs and traditions. She has been attracting foreigners to invest as in that location are plentiful resources and labour market, which are crucial in business dealings. Be positionings the factors that are menti 1d above, other factors play essential roles as well. Guanxi and Mianzi are the foremost factors that Chinese businessmen take into account. Other factors implicate preparation for Chinese business meetings, knowledge of the Chinese Lijie, such as non-verbal communication and social relationships. Also, the Chinese banquet consisting table etiquette to gainher with drinking and toasting.There will too be gift-giving, such as what should be considered to give and what should be avoided. Last muchover non least, different ways to negotiate with the Chinese for the best solution should be taken into consideration. In conclusion, having the knowledge of the Chinese etiquette will better wait on whizz to succeed in clinching more than business dealings. At the same time, it alike helps ace to go through the culture and customs of Chinese. Therefore, this will not only do ace good for business purposes, but also encourages common under plinthing amongst countries.2. Introduction The Peoples Republic of China, has a largest population of 1. 3 billion and a GDP of US$2393 billion. Thus, it has been eyed by many business executives due to its big market overlap and a large pool of labour which provides many business opportunities. In order to carry out business transactions efficiently with the Chinese, it is important for us to know what the prohibitions, customs and taboos are in China. By understanding these, we will be more prepared to conduct business with the Chinese. 2. 1 Meeting the Chinese.To lead astray with, the Chinese are very particular about first impressions. They prefer to be introduced formally to the great unwashed as they are reluctant to strike up conversations with people they are unfamiliar with. A right-hand(a) hand bring up will be most appropriate upon introduction. If iness is being introduced to a group, remember to shake everyones hands. Also, stand up throughout, when being introduced or when presenting self. Begin introductions with his/her strike, followed by the companys name and specify the country that he/she is from. 2. 2 Business Card s.It is polite to use two hands to tie up both corners when presenting business loosen and to position it so that it is legible to the recipient. Try to produce one side of the card being translated and print the Chinese letters using gold ink as this is an clement colour. It will be respectful to spend a few seconds reading the card upon receiving it and helps in recollect ones name. It is demeaning to put it directly into your pocket without glancing. If it is a sit-d give meeting, place the card on the table so that one underside look at it. 2. 3Conversations.Most Chinese bid to engage in conversations concerning topics which they have knowledge on, such as weather, geography, Chinese cuisine, Chinese scenery and landmarks. Topics think to politics should be avoided. Dismiss personal questions with a little humour if uncomfortable. The Chinese would practically congratulate the country of origin. However, accepting praise outright is not considered as good etiquette for them. Instead, one is expected to put off compliments and pretend it is unworthy of receiving them. 2. 4 Greetings Surnames come first when addressing a Chinese.In business situations, one will seldom concern themselves with a Chinese persons given name. It is advisable to sit straight how one should address someone at the first meeting. For business purposes, it is traditionally acceptable to see a Chinese by the surname, unneurotic with a title such as Managing Director Toh. 2. 5On the speech sound Although Chinese may make arrangements through the phone, most Chinese prefers breast-to- pillow slip meetings. On the telephone, the standard greet is the word wei, which means hello or are you still there in Mandarin.Chinese often do not furnish any identifying information upon answering the phone hence it is good to put forward that one has reached the organization he/she intended to dial. 3. GuanXi Relationships Personal relationships play a vital part in the business wor ld of Chinese. Chinese businessmen do not rush into discussions and negotiations, as they want to get familiar with their business partners before doing business. This is known as Guanxi, which means relationships. It is the network of relationships among various parties that cooperate together and support one another.Before doing business, Chinese will extend hospitality to demonstrate their respect for others and penchant of the finer things in life so as to soften their visitors. There will be gnomish talk during the first full day, where Chinese learns about his visitor and goals. The evening during the welcome banquet, they would learn more as foreign visitors will open up during casual talks. Also, the visitors may visit the residence of their acquaintances from other organizations and bring some gifts as it is important for building and creating Guanxi.Gifts like foreign cigarettes and quality wines are acceptable, which will be discussed more at the later part of the repo rt. Trust is built during such situations and Chinese would and then be more comfortable to work with them. Relationships are not only between companies but also personal levels. Establishing a sincere, supportive relationship based on mutual respect is a total aspect of Chinese culture. In the world of business, possessing the right Guanxi is crucial for ensuring the minimization of difficulties and frustrations that are often encountered and it is also important to any successful business strategy in China.4. Mian Zi Face Face, also known as Mianzi, is a mark of personal pride and forms the basis of an individuals reputation and social status. Having face means having a high status in the eyes of ones peers, and is a mark of personal dignity. It is a prized commodity, which can be given, lost, taken away or earned. Face to a Chinese, holds more importance and encompasses a greater part of life. In order to establish all important interpersonal relationships, face essential alw ays be created and controled at all times.Losing face may be produced by, for example, public insult, mischance or contradicting someone in apparent movement of another, and also, by ourselves, such as losing temper or losing your own control in public. Furthermore, rescinding an order can also be constructed as losing face. This is why Chinese leading would rather follow the policies even if there are events that prove them that it is irrelevant. Causing someone to lose face through public humiliation or inappropriate allocation of respect to individuals within the organization can seriously damage business discussions.On the other hand, praising someone in moderation before their colleagues is a form of giving face and can earn respect, loyalty and aid negotiations. Nevertheless, face is so important that it is justification for spending money even if the Chinese is not very rich. Money that may be set aside for emergency use may be used for buying gifts or accessories instea d because of face. 5. Lijie- Art of Politeness Being polite is a type of basic courtesy one should possess. In China, personal feelings and hint of criticism should not be dealt with publicly as it might cause public embarrassment and unpleasantness.A glass of tea that is automatically set out in front of arriving guests is how the Chinese allows the guest to feel comfortable and appear gracious. 5. 1 Surface agreement Surface harmony is an essential skill because the world of Chinese etiquette is very insensitive to unpleasant genuine feelings as it concerns look of face. To the Chinese, things are done more for show than for substance for example, manners are tools which they use to maintain pleasantness at all times, even when it is not entirely felt. Surface harmony is disturbed when one expresses his/her disagreement.Therefore, it is advised to remain quiet and give face as it might result in sabotage, subversive activity or revenge as the Chinese are well capable of such ac tions. 5. 2Intermediaries Intermediaries can be useful in communicating something unpleasant to the Chinese, and they help to ask questions, as preservation of face and place harmony is considered highly important to Chinese. Intermediaries are highly useful in negotiations as they provide stand channels for information that might prove too sensitive or risky. However, anger may be expressed directly for strategic purposes.5. 3 Social relationships Chinese manage their social relationships by an notional circle that surrounds them. Relatives, friends, neighbours, classmates and co-workers are within the circle. These people have relationships with one another and hence, bear some sieve of obligation. Chinese tend to go all out for them, be it putting themselves at great incommode or even ethically questionable circumstances. The rest of the world, whom a Chinese treats like a stranger, ashes outside of the circle to whom with no particular obligation. 5. 4 Non-verbal communica tion.Chinese have various non-verbal communications. Firstly, Chinese tends to have a shorter social distance compared to many western cultures, for example, a Chinese friend might stand a little close to you for comfort or breathing directly into your face when talking to you. Furthermore, if one steps backwards, his/her Chinese counterpart may advance accordingly. When dealing with a Chinese, particularly the older ones, one should not touch a member of the opposite sex you do not know highly well as other types of physical contact can be misinterpreted.However, it is said to be dead acceptable for Chinese to be physical with members of the same sex. Traditionally, Chinese are seldom demonstrative with the opposite sex in public. Therefore, foreigners should keep in mind that they are well advised to avoid more passionate forms of contact besides holding hands with a companion. During a conversation, one should not walk down in chairs as they are deemed disrespectful. Furthermor e, some Chinese will avoid meeting ones eyes or smile. This is a polarity of shyness or keeping feelings to themselves. Thus should not be confused with insincerity, unfriendliness or anger.Silence is a virtue for it represents reflection or a ratify of politeness. Gestures such as come here by curling index finger upward, okay sign with thumb and forefinger forming a circle, and shrugging of shoulders showing I dont know may not be understood by the Chinese. Nodding or shaking of head, thumbs-up and clapping of hands for applauding are universally accepted gestures. 5. 5 slipway to reject a Chinese Rejecting people or saying no can result in losing face, therefore the Chinese devised a number of methods of refusing without saying no.Ways to reject are, saying to grant the wish would be inconvenient as it means there are political problems associated with fulfilling a request, or it is under consideration or being discussed. This generally means that something is marvelous to hap pen. Another way is to blame someone else for the roadblock by finding a scapegoat. Lastly, a Chinese may tell a lie such as inventing a story to get out of the uncomfortable position in which a person feels placed. 11. References and Acknowledgements 1. De Mente Boye. (2004).Chinese etiquette ethics in business. Boston McGraw-Hill. 2. Scott D. Seligman. (1999). Chinese Business Etiquette a guide to protocol, manners, and culture in the Peoples Republic of China. United States of the States A Time Warner Company 3. About. com China Online (n. d. ). Retrieved on June 13, 2007. http//chineseculture. about. com/od/businessculture/Chinese_Business_Culture. htm 4. Communicaid global communication doing business in China. (n. d. ). Retrieved on June 13, 2007. http//www. communicaid. com/chinese-business-culture.asp 5. Chinese Culture. (n. d. ). Retrieved on June 13, 2007. http//www. chinese-culture. net/html/chinese_business_culture. html 6. Kwintessential- Language and culture specialis ts (n. d. ). Retrieved on June 13, 2007. http//www. kwintessential. co. uk/cultural-services/articles/china-business-culture. html 7. Chinas GDP grows 10. 7% in 2006. (January 25, 2007). ChinaDaily. com. cn. Retrieved on June 25, 2007. from http//www. chinadaily. com. cn/china/2007-01/25/content_792311_2. htm 8. thriftiness Economic Structure Trends.(2006). Retrieved on June 20, 2007. http//china-europe-usa. com/level_4_data/eco/042_3. htm 9. China Business etiquette, manners and cross cultural communication. (n. d. ). Retrieved on June 15, 2007. http//www. cyborlink. com/besite/china. htm 10. China Business Travel Etiquette. (n. d. ). Retrieved on June 15, 2007. http//www. crazycolour. com/os/china_02. shtml 11. Business Card Etiquette by Neil Payne. (n. d. ). Retrieved on June 15, 2007. http//www. sideroad. com/Business_Etiquette/business-card-etiquette. html.