Hybrid electric vehicle Essay

Micro Environment portions. LearnMarketing. net www. learnmarketing. net/micro purlieu. htm This article looks at the factors which make up a firms micro environment. there argon also links to articles on the macro environment and privileged environment Six Microenvironmental Factors That Affect pipelinees your personal credit line. azcentral. com/six-microenvironmental-factors-affect-busin You face six microenvironmental factors in your traffic activities, each made up of a self-contained microenvironment that stands alone simply interacts with the Six Microenvironmental Factors That Affect Businesses smallbusiness. chron. com Effective Customer Service In economics, macroeconomics encompasses societal perspective on resource allocation. Microeconomics involves factors of resources availability and usage Micro environmental Factors Essays Lucky1737 Home Business & Economy Micro environmental factors are inside factors close to a business that save a direct reach on its strategy. These factors include Customers Organisations Market environment Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Market_environment Wikipedia stomach to Micro-Environment The micro environment refers to the business itself and to Competitors are also a factor in the micro-environment What is microenvironment? definition and meaning www. businessdictionary. com/definition/microenvironment. html Definition of microenvironment Factors or elements in an organizations immediate area of market environment Use microenvironment in a sentence Micro Environment of Business 6 Factors of Micro www. yourarticlelibrary. com/ /micro-environment factors micro-envi Most important factors of micro environment of business are as follows 1. competitors, 2. customers, 3. suppliers, 4. public, 5. marketing intermediaries, Owners immediately began tinkering with the cars reckoner system. One owner was able to add cruise control (an option not offered by Toyota) by wiri ng in a fewer switches in the cars computer system. The founder of pri intentnvy. com worked out how to use the cars dashboard dis bring in screen to show files from his laptop, play video games, and look at rear-view images from a video camera pointed out of the back of the car. One Austrian consumer installed a sniffer a device on the cars computer network that monitors electronic messages.With the sniffer, he de single-valued function be able to hook up add-ons such as a MiniDisc Player, an MP3 player, a laptop computer and a TV tuner. In the past, owners using mechanical skills customised cars with paint, lowered bodies, and souped-up engines. In the future, customisation may rely on existence computer savvy. Even though the Internet was a study get down of the Prius launch, Toyota does not sell the car from its website. Buyers go to prius. toyota. com online to pick a burnish and decide whether they want a CD player and floor mats the exactly options available from T oyota. After that, the dealers get involved, but it takes specially trained salespeople to develop and promote the Prius.Consequently, only 75 per cent of Toyota dealers handle the car. Many of them are not happy about the need to train salespeople. And why should they be? Margins are higher on gas-guzzlers, which are also easier to sell. Given dealer reluctance and consumer resistance, why extradite Toyota and Honda spent so much on their hybrids? While part of the answer is government regulations, a bigger part of the answer is competition. All car manufacturers concede that they will eventually have to move to hybrids to raise petrol mileage and lower emissions, and all of them have plans to do so. Ford, for example, plans to introduce an Escape SUV that will get 17 km/litre.DaimlerChrysler says that 15 per cent of its sport-utility vehicles will be hybrids that will get 20 per cent better fuel efficiency than conventional vehicles. General Motors is sporting on hybrid buses a nd trucks. Toyota hopes, however, that its early entry will be the radix for a system of hybrids from ultracompact minicars to luxury saloons, sport-utility vehicles, and even commercial trucks. The mass market, however, determine space, comfort, and power. Although hybrids may have space and comfort, power would appear to be to a greater extent elusive.Without greater power, it will be interesting to see whether consumers, who like rush along on those open autobahns and acceleration on alpine roads, will ensconce for a hybrid. Questions 1. What microenvironmental factors affect the introduction and sales of the Toyota Prius? How well has Toyota dealt with these factors? 2. Outline the major macroenvironmental factors demographic, economic, natural, technological, political, and cultural that have affected the introduction and sales of the Toyota Prius. How has Toyota dealt with each of these factors? 3. value Toyotas marketing strategy so far. What has Toyota done well? How powerfulness it improve its strategy.

Philosophy of Fear

school of thought of Fear In the pure deposit of constitution, all humans atomic number 18 of equal mind and body, intend that no one has a trenchant advantage or disadvantage against a nonher. The bring up of nature is alike referred to as the maintain of war in which both man get out play off and try to protect what they deem as theirs. Thomas Hobbes, a ordinal century philosopher, described this as bellum omnium contra onmes, meaning the war of all against all. referable to everyone attempting to rubbish everyone else to stay alive in a pure resign of nature, societies and civilizations pratnot formulate.So is thither a way to declare the rest and let reality develop into its full potential? Hobbes uses an liking of big up psyche originators to one person or an fictionalisation of men as in the form of sovereignty. The sovereignty impart be able enforce the stay with unlimited power. The sovereignty acquires these powers as individuals retort up partic ular freedoms. The termination of forfeited rights is to a level such(prenominal) as permitted by everyone in the golf club and the individuals must be sufferable of the sovereignty still possessing these rights.If individuals treasured to keep all of their given over rights, past they would maintain rights to kill, steal, and lie. These are 3 severe issues when trying to form a public securityful world. If these rights are given up by individuals to sovereignty accordingly a society evoke begin to form. Once the society begins to form the sovereignty will constitute decisions based on the best evoke of the people that find joined together. For cultures to exist you lease to not doubt every persons diddleions and have faith that they will venerate whatever admit they have agreed to.The sovereignty has a contract with the people to protect them and the people must keep the contract of giving up their rights to the sovereignty. The people also have a contract with apiece other to surrender the akin rights to the sovereignty. Without this reliance on your fellow men, thither can be no justice and therefore no righteousness in the society. The most classical responsibility of the sovereignty is to make know the rules of the society so as the individuals understand what they may and may not do. If these laws are not in place then the society will fall back into a state of war because of the unavoidable fight over scarce resources.Hobbess main reason for giving up your rights to an authority is to escape the state of war. Because of the equality of man, where everyone is capable of killing another, there is no sense of credential and you could be confronted at any headspring in time. These actions of people are not just for sin notwithstanding for personal gain so without a government guiding the way, individuals will motivate themselves to do as they please no matter who it affects. This factor that the sovereignty is there to drive t he way and force people to act for the good of society and not just the good of themselves.An example of this would be if a person cute to steal food from a market market the government would need to have a deterring force to chip the individual because losing that food federal agency the whole society no long has access to it moreover sort of just the individual. The force used by the sovereignty is what keeps the contract, made by the individuals giving up their rights, from breaking. In a state of nature the terror of the other party not belongings up their end of the discernment is what keeps people from making said agreements but when you have a punishment from a higher authority it allows there to be a preventative net.The sovereignty is there to maintain peace and penalize those looking to inflame this balance of power. Hobbess idea of a person with unlimited power is almost as if he is give tongue to there should be financial backing god among society. If this living god can do no do by in individuals eyeball and maintains the peace among them, then society will not revert to a state of war. Hobbes uses this idea of business to break through the state of nature and compel people to be peaceful within the society created. only if through fear comes peace and morality.Philosophy of FearPhilosophy of Fear In the pure state of nature, all humans are of equal mind and body, meaning that no one has a distinct advantage or disadvantage against another. The state of nature is also referred to as the state of war in which every man will fight and try to protect what they deem as theirs. Thomas Hobbes, a seventeenth century philosopher, described this as bellum omnium contra onmes, meaning the war of all against all. Due to everyone attempting to fight everyone else to stay alive in a pure state of nature, societies and civilizations cannot form.So is there a way to keep the peace and let mankind develop into its full potential? Hobbes uses an idea of giving up individual powers to one person or an assembly of men as in the form of sovereignty. The sovereignty will be able enforce the peace with unlimited power. The sovereignty acquires these powers as individuals give up particular freedoms. The extent of forfeited rights is to a level such as permitted by everyone in the society and the individuals must be tolerable of the sovereignty still possessing these rights.If individuals wanted to keep all of their given rights, then they would maintain rights to kill, steal, and lie. These are three severe issues when trying to form a peaceful world. If these rights are given up by individuals to sovereignty then a society can begin to form. Once the society begins to form the sovereignty will make decisions based on the best interest of the people that have joined together. For cultures to exist you need to not doubt every persons actions and have faith that they will honor whatever contract they have agreed to.The sovereignty has a contract with the people to protect them and the people must keep the contract of giving up their rights to the sovereignty. The people also have a contract with each other to surrender the same rights to the sovereignty. Without this reliance on your fellow men, there can be no justice and therefore no morality in the society. The most important responsibility of the sovereignty is to make known the rules of the society so as the individuals understand what they may and may not do. If these laws are not in place then the society will fall back into a state of war because of the unavoidable fight over scarce resources.Hobbess main reason for giving up your rights to an authority is to escape the state of war. Because of the equality of man, where everyone is capable of killing another, there is no sense of security and you could be confronted at any point in time. These actions of people are not just for sin but for personal gain so without a government guiding the way, indiv iduals will motivate themselves to do as they please no matter who it affects. This means that the sovereignty is there to lead the way and force people to act for the good of society and not just the good of themselves.An example of this would be if a person wanted to steal food from a grocery market the government would need to have a deterring force to stop the individual because losing that food means the whole society no longer has access to it but rather just the individual. The force used by the sovereignty is what keeps the contract, made by the individuals giving up their rights, from breaking. In a state of nature the fear of the other party not keeping up their end of the agreement is what keeps people from making said agreements but when you have a punishment from a higher authority it allows there to be a safety net.The sovereignty is there to maintain peace and penalize those looking to disturb this balance of power. Hobbess idea of a person with unlimited power is alm ost as if he is saying there should be living god among society. If this living god can do no wrong in individuals eyes and maintains the peace among them, then society will not revert to a state of war. Hobbes uses this idea of fear to break through the state of nature and compel people to be peaceful within the society created. Only through fear comes peace and morality.

Nicki minaj and Michael Jackson Essay

The capital of Mississippi 5 (also spelled The capital of Mississippi Five, some sentences stylized The Jackson 5ive), later known as The Jacksons, or simply Jacksons, are an American popular music family group from Gary, Indiana. Founding group members Jackie Jackson, Tito Jackson, Jermaine Jackson, Marlon Jackson and Michael Jackson formed the group after performing in an proto(prenominal) prosopopoeia called The Jackson Brothers, which originally consisted of a trio of the three older brothers. bustling from 1964 to 1990, the Jacksons played from a repertoire of R&B, soul, pop and (in the 1970s) disco. During their six-and-a-half-year Motown tenure, The Jackson 5 was one of the biggest pop-music acts of the 1970s, and the band served as the launching pad for the solo careers of their lead-in utterers Jermaine and Michael, the latter brother later transforming his early Motown solo fame into greater mastery as an adult artist. The Jackson 5/The Jacksons have sold ascorbic ac id million records worldwide, making them one of the best selling artists of all timeNicki minajBorn in 1982, Nicki Minaj grew up with an abusive, addicted father. She attended La Guardia laid-back School for the Arts, she was introduced to rapper Lil Wayne, who launched her career. Her 2010 debut album, pink friday,wit the single Your Love, topped the billboard charts. A frequent cameo singer, Minajs voice was featured in sevener songs on the charts. In 2012, Early Life Hip-hop artist and singer Nicki Minaj was born Onika Maraj on December 8, 1982, in Trinidad and Tobago, and moved with her family to Queens, when she was 5 historic period old. Minajs father was a severe drug addict with a long history of violence. At one point, he set burn up to the familys home and tried to kill Minajs mother.Those early struggles, Minaj has said, helped can her drive to rise above the life her parents knew. Ive always had this female-empowerment affaire in the back of my mind, she told Deta ils magazine, because I wanted my mother to be stronger, and she couldnt be. I thought, If Im successful, I can metamorphose her life. To reach that point, however, nicki developed personas for herself that would allow her to be a new person. An early incarnation was someone she called Cookie, then came Harajuku Barbie, before finally settling on Nicki Minaj. Fantasy was my reality, she has said. Minaj clearly had a knack for performance. At the age of 12, she authored her initiatory rap, then went on to delve into acting at La Guardia noble School of Music and Art, the school that inspired the movie Fame. Rapper and singerDetermined to make it in the music business, Minaj took on backup render roles for local New York City rappers. Soon, she began writing her own material. She was eventually sight by Dirty Money CEO Fendi, who came across Minajs MySpace page, love what he heard, and immediately signed her to his label. That connection led Minaj to Lil Wayne, who collaborated w ith her on a series of mix tapes, the first of which, Playtime is Over, was released in April 2007. The recording, and subsequent sundry(a) tapes, showcased Minajs female swagger and out-front style. By early 2010, considerable forecast had built up around Minajs much discussed, much cover debut album, which was scheduled for release that fall. In April of that year, she released her first single, Massive Attack. 2 months later she won Best Hip-Hop Female at the yearly BET Awards. She dedicated the award to Lil Wayne.she later became an America idol jugde.

English Essay †Speeches Essay

Question there ar as many different ways of interpreting and valuing texts, as there are readers.Of the countless speeches recorded passim snip a select few have transcended their original contexts and semi semipolitical battles to retain relevance right away. We have viewed their progress over time as their outspoken ideas and reception withstanding relevance within our changing society careless(predicate) of altering value. Aung San Suu Kyi, Emma Goldman and Dr. Martin Luther superpowers empowering speeches have spanned across decades, united in their aim to draw attention to a lack of freedom, justice and elected rights and are unique in urging others to support their match for discriminate social groups.In Aung San Suu Kyis Keynote address at the capital of Red China World Conference on Wo manpower in China 1995, she speaks with deep credence regarding the lack of freedom that women suffer. So too does Emma Goldman when in 1917 she delivered The political turn of to day must needs be the saint of the recent come along to a jury consisting entirely of men. The discrimination that these two women discuss exemplifies women across the realism, continuously being persecuted for their gender. Suu Kyi did not make utilize of blandishment in her speech that instead chose to develop a sense of engagement and appealed to her audiences reasonableness through a close up video recording. Her tone and stoical approach invites her listeners to adopt new perspectives and to involve women in the political process as no war was always started by women.Her campaign continues with an age-old proverb of her culture that the cross rises except when the rooster crows metaphorically depicting how women are subserviently spread overed today by the rooster. The proverb needs to diverseness as it is because the dawn appears that the rooster crows. Goldman too addresses the issue of discrimination by analysing the way women are treated by power wielding men, more specifically in the effective and political system. During her defence against claims of conspiracy she defends her anarchist position and utilises sarcasm and truncated sentences to ridicule the jury when she repeatedly declares that she is facing Gentlemen of the jury andonly gentlemen.The anaphora illustrates her contempt that there are no females present in the jury, that these men are supposed to be honest gentlemen, an oxymoron in her eyes, and so should treat her the same way they would treat others in the same position. A individual(prenominal) interpretation examines mens hold on power in society but times have changed and society must deny traditions that no longer reflect the truth. Suu Kyis speech comes at a time when China is stepping out of the shadows and recognising women as their own entities when it once byword them as 2nd class. Its reception today would not have neutered since she spoke but there are more people support her cause and helping to fight for the freedom of women. There is global sympathy that throughout history we are met with the same boundaries and are eternally urged to fight for equality and justice.These boundaries were met when Dr Martin Luther King challenged the widespread attitudes of society by calling on his fellow Americans by offering a new leaf and justice to all, no matter what race or colour. socialisation in the southern states was heavily segregated in 1963 and racial family was enshrined in southern custom and law. King delivered his speech when it was needed most, untaintedly Emma Goldman delivered The political criminal of today ahead of her time as the mere idea of freedom of speech was considered scandalous. With two separate causes represented by great speakers Negros and free speech, both composers attempted to make it their audiences support for their cause.King delivered I have a dream to a crowd of 250,000 followers and millions watching on television and used rhetoric gained from h is preaching days coupled with the use of many anaphoras to effectively to inflict fear upon his audience. His appeal to their emotions instilled that it would be fatalto overlookthe movement and unless something is done about racial injustice, life is worthless. Emma Goldmans quick use of rhetoric defies tradition and unlike Kings use of emotion she alienated her audience by stirring negative opinions and called upon her understanding to win her battle. In 1917 when Goldman plead to the jury she sought justice in her defence against claims of conspiracy. Urging the court to form an unbiased opinion and k instantaneously her fight for freedom of speech she alludes to her fellow so called anarchists Jesus, Socrates, Galileo, Bruno, John browned to prove she is not wrong and that nothing willmake her change her position.King was greeted with an euphoric and peaceful reception as he was seen as a freedom fighter and today in our contemporary world the significance of his speech rem ains evident. By appealing to both audiences intellect regarding injustice, King and Goldman aimed to persuade their respective audiences of the right path to choose. When King shout out that the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination, his metaphoric emotive language heightens his mania for freedom for his people from more than slavery.Similarly to King, Goldman fights for justice and through a series of rhetorical questions she asks the jury a final time to enliven forget that I am an AnarchistHave we been engaged in a conspiracy? Have these overt acts been proven? She asks for a sensible trial and to not be disadvantaged because of societys values she only wishes for justice to prevail. Sadly the jury found her guilty but her works reception reaches a higher extent today as we can appreciate her effort in changing societys perception of free speech.While injustice was inflicted upon three social groups, Aung S an Suu Kyi, Emma Goldman and Dr. Martin Luther King stood up and were three speakers who managed to defy old-fashioned social and political beliefs of their time to be recognised in our contemporary society. When delivering their speeches they gained the attention and support of a crowd through their stage presence, use of rhetoric and particularly political contextual values that aim to achieve this. In order to be recognised they needed to give their audience a purpose and through earnest ideas of freedom, justice and democratic rights their reception has not altered from when they were delivered to now as we are continually fighting for such causes.

Summary Of A Visit Of Grandmother

Chills uncle, trades a horse for a chair. His gran even rides the horse and the horse almost loses control, which she thinks that Is divert and a comic experience. Then, she asks Charles, Chics father, if he remembers how tired they are. However, Charles is not present when his have rides the horse and complains that she loves his or else more than him, because of their skin color differences.He yells, If GAL and I did something wrong, youd beat me scratch line But if I wanted you to do something with me, you were always too busy. Charlies m opposite thinks she may have treated them differently, but thinks Charles is smarter to understand that. Charles returns to his room. Meanwhile, GAL, his brother, who is eager to resonate with Charles, comes back. In the article, A Visit to Grandmother, which was published in the terpsichorean on theShore in 1964, William Melvin Kelley writes about Chics experience of visiting his grandmother with his father. The apologue begins with C hics father expressing an interest in attending a class reunion. The termination to visit Chics grandmother is casual and unplanned, although they have not seen each other for thirty years. Upon visit. During their dinner, his grandmother tells a story about how GAL, Chics uncle, almost loses control, which she thinks that is amusing and a funny experience. Then,

School Climate Analysis

How important is a shallows clime to student success? Research suggests that it is a key element in influencing student achievement, second only to quality instruction. A indoctrinates mode has the ability to either live on or impede development greatly. School climate refers to the day to day operational procedures which determine the socialisation of a shoal warm, friendly, cold, supportive, helpful, etc. (federal official Way Public Schools, n. d. , figure 30) To what fulfilment does a prepares climate affect student scholarship, and how crumb a nurtures climate be improved?let us take a loser look. School climate is a signifi dopet element in at presents trails. Positive climates can solve problems such as bullying, inter-student conflict, suicide, and character education however, there be umteen things in our society today that intercept with school climates. This includes decreased family values, increased tolerance to violence on television and in word-pai nting games, and an overall breakdown in communication between parents, students, and schools. Schools must continually work to overcome these barriers. The social emotional climate of schools is predictive of fuck offs reports of their school age childrens alcohol use and psychiatrical problems. Research has withal revealed a relationship between school climate and student self-concept. ( core group For Social and Emotional culture CSEE, n. d. , p. 1) Schools with positive climates deport few students with anxiety, depression, and loneliness. A positive, nurturing school climate also leads to effective risk measure and health promotion. In a positive school climate the good deal within the organization feel a joining to one another.That connectedness is a powerful predictor of adolescent health and academic success. Safe, caring, distinguishicipatory and responsive school climates tend to foster great attachment to school, as well as providing the optimal foundation for s ocial, emotional, and academic learning. Numerous studies have shown that positive school climates lead to melloweder grades, engagement, attendance, expectations and aspirations, a sense of pedant competence, fewer school suspensions, and on-time progression through grades. ( statute mile country University, 2004, p. ) In enunciate to significantly improve student behavior and academic performance, schools must improve their overall climate. on that point are quad main elements that impact school climate.They are as follows A physical environs that is welcoming and conductive to learning, a social environment that promotes communication and interaction, an affective environment that promotes a sense of be and self-esteem, and an academic environment that promotes learning and self-fulfillment. (Michigan narrate University, 2004, p. ) These four environments cannot operate independently of one another. Each is interrelated to the others. How can school climate be improved? Change requires moving individuals and organizations along a continuum from at risk to safe to thriving. This process takes time to accomplish. (Michigan State University, 2004, p. 6) The natural federal legislation of the No Child Left back end Act is essentially a long-term effort to change school culture, requiring teachers and schools to be held accountable, and adopting the notion that all students can and must learn.Change begins with the superintendant of the zone and the central administration, along with backing from the school board. Their decisions on building size, reckon allocations, selection of staff, as well as communication of the school regularizes mission, training priorities, and promotional activities, all play a part in encouraging change. (Michigan State University, p. 6) Other approaches to change at the school level include increasing the number of counselors and mentors in schools, and using smaller teacher-student ratios.It is also important to note that many schools are moving come inside from competition in favor of cooperation to avoid having winners and losers. In addition, schools need to domiciliate professional development on such issues as cultural and score differences, emotional needs of other children, parental involvement, and bullying and harassment. Research also suggests that schools should yield multiple and varied opportunities to participate in extracurricular activities. (Michigan State University, p. 7)The physical appearance of the facility is another important component of school climate. While it is common sense that teachers and students feel better somewhat themselves when on the job(p) and learning in an inviting and pleasant environment, research also supports this fact. A well- knowing learning environment sends the message that learning is important. Not only does a schools architecture signal what is important a schools architecture also motivates students and employees, provides a message of deeper purposes and values, and can tie a community together. (Holt & Smith, n. d. , p. 53) Interestingly enough, even though research suggests that the physical environment is an indicator of school climate, a report issued by the National Center for Education Statistics indicates that three out of ein truth four existing familiar school buildings is in need of repair. Another important element in school climate lies in the decision reservation process. Schools that promote shared out decision making have a greater sense of belonging among staff members and stakeholders, and therefore promote a more positive and adhesive school climate.Shared decision making also promotes mutual support and ongoing communication between staff members as well as members of the community. This type of decision making increases school climate because it increases the level of give among stakeholders. Trust is developed when people come to expect and predict the dash others will act. When a schoo l commits the time and energy to involve stakeholders in developing shared organizational values and people live out the shared values on a day-to-day basis, conjecture and suspicions about actions are dispelled. (Else, 2000, p. 1) It is important for schools to continually assess the overall climates within their organization. There are various instruments designed for this purpose. Most of these instruments are surveys that are designed for students, teachers, and parents. Results of these surveys are then analyzed and disaggregated to assess the overall climate, and identify areas of improvement. Although schoolroom level measures may be appropriate for the assessment of schools at the unsophisticated level, this is not the case for middle and high school.The students at this level transport passim the day from classroom to classroom, are surrounded by many different groups of peers, and are confronted with alter teaching styles. For this reason middle and high schools requi re assessment measures that capture students experiences throughout the absolute school day. Assessing school climate and using that data to identify areas of occupation is, and should be, as important as test data in todays schools. In this weeks reading, we read about a scenario that is present in many schools around the country. That is dysfunctional thinking.In this scenario, veteran teachers and new teachers are facing off in deconstructive power struggles. Because of their varying levels of experience, and their different eras, they do not see eye to eye. In this scenario, the new teacher obviously is better equipped to chair the return. She has had experience doing this event in the past, and she has demonstrated her competency in the area. The veteran teacher doesnt really involve to chair the event she just doesnt want a new teacher to have that kind of control. As an executive director, I would initiate a conversation with this veteran teacher.Seeing as she is very p opular among the staff, this would have to be handled carefully. The conversation would begin with a echt appreciation for everything she does, as teachers need to be recognized for their contributions however, I would condense firm on my decision to assign the newer teacher, Mrs. Farmington, as the chair of the event. The breeding presented on the table on page 71 of our textbook would provide useful datarmation when handling this situation. It would be important for the administrator to understand, and be respectful of, each individuals background and values.It is important for an administrator to acquire the commitment of their followers, and based on how this scenario is acted upon, it could enhance or interfere with that commitment. The dialogue that takes place between the administrator and the veteran teacher must be well thought out and respectful. In addition, the newer teacher, too, must be made aware of the importance of allowing for shared decision making throughout her event, and allow for the veteran teachers to be heard and made a rich a part of the event as well. In conclusion, students learn beat when they are in an environment that is physically and emotionally safe.Teachers teach top hat when they are working in an environment in which they feel set and connected. Parents feel secure sending their students to school when they know their children are existence cared for and given quality instruction. Today so many parents have rough-and-tumble trusting in their childrens schools, and too often circumstances scrape up where parents and schools are battling one another. This is not constructive to school climate, and is not in the best interest of children. It is important for all stakeholders to share the decision making process so that everyone has a vested interest in the overall offbeat of the school climate.Teachers, parents, and administrators should be partners, working together to ensure that students needs is beingness met , and that they are academically successful. At the end of the day, we all want the equivalent thing, and that is what is best for our children. Working together, rather that independently, is the best way to make this happen. In the words of the old African proverb, it takes a village to raise a child. Our schools, along with parents, are the village that our children need.ReferencesCenter For Social and Emotional Education (n.d.). School Climate Research Summary. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from http//nscc.csee.net/effective/school_climate_research_summary.pdfElse, D. (2000). School-Based Shared Decision Making. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from http//www.uni.edu/coe/iel/sdsum.htmlFederal Way Public Schools (n.d.). Federal Way Public Schools Glossary of Terms. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from http//www.fwps.org/info/glossaryHolt, C. R., & Smith, R. M. (n.d.). The Relationship Between School Climate and Student Success. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from http//normes.uark.edu/erp s/erps_journal/ERPS%20VOL%202%20N2/pdf/52-64.pdfMichigan State University (2004). Best Practice Briefs School Climate and Learning. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from http//outreach.msu.edu/bpbriefs/issues/brief31.pdf

Drug Testing Welfare Applicants

As of 2011 there ar 4. 3 million Ameri wads on eudaimonia and use 131 billion dollars that come from the tax payers. Welfare has been a hot issue in the United States for a while and a common debate is whether citizens that qualify for public assistance should be medicate runneled or not. Most Ameri sacks agree that some sort of support governance for citizens that are struggling financially is a good idea and squirt help some get back on their feet. Others result reason that many people on welfare abuse their privileges to fund their summation abuse and misuse the taxpayers money.My own view is that people should collapse to pass a medicate assay in order to pose these government handouts and prevent habitual users from abusing these privileges. Welfare is a federally funded syllabus that gives monetary assistance to citizens who have little to no income. The United States welfare system began back in the 1930s, during the Great Depression, era due to an elicit amou nt of families that were struggling to get by. Still today there are millions of people barely making by during these tough economic times.Citizens quite a little apply for different types of welfare including social welfare, corporate welfare, child welfare to name some of the most popular. On these types of welfare people can receive different types of aid such as health care, nutriment stamps or child care. There are many factors go into a persons eligibility for a welfare program. Eligibility is determined by using gross and net income, size of the family, and certain situations such as aesculapian emergencies, pregnancy, homelessness or unemployment.After the initial application a case haveer will gather all this information and determine if the person qualifies for any benefits and how a lot he or she can receive. A person can as well apply for a state run welfare program called the fugacious Assistance for Needy Families or TANF. TANF, however, is different than most a nd requires that the applicant recoup work within two years of receiving aid. Not finding work will result in a loss of these benefits. A do drugs test is a technical analysis of a biological exemplification such as pee, hair, blood or saliva, to determine the presence or absence of specified drugs in a persons system.A urine drug test, which is the most common in the United States, screens for ten types of drugs Amphetamines, barbitu pass judgment, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids (THC), cocaine, methadone, methaqualone, opiates, phencyclidine, and propoxyphene. every of these drugs have various detection periods in the human body only the average is two to ten days. Within this window of time. Studies have shown that the prevalence of substance abuse among welfare recipients has varied widely in their findings, with rates of between 10 and 37 percent.Much of the difference in rates effect in these studies is due to different data sources, definitions, and measurement methods a nd the different thresholds utilize to define substance abuse. Another difference is whether alcohol abuse and/or the abuse of prescription drugs are included in the estimate. Also how can we get true evidence when we dont have the gist to drug test these welfare recipients yet. Employers require drug testing ahead employment so why should welfare recipients get the same give-and-take for the gift of receiving government funding.Its tax dollars of the working people funding person elses addictions. Drug use and use and its consequences affect all of high society that is vital to a strong America. Drug use strains our healthcare, criminal arbiter systems and endangers the future of our young people with the overall strain on our economy. Florida tardily became the first state to require adults applying for cash welfare assistance (i. e. , not food stamps and housing assistance) to undergo drug screenings. Florida Gov.Rick Scott defended the new rule by arguing that Its not ri ght for taxpayer money to be give for somebodys drug addiction. On top of that, this is going to amplify personal responsibility and personal accountability. We shouldnt be subsidizing peoples addiction. In 2009, 20 states put in proposals to pass the drug test uprightnesss and at least 36 states put proposals in 2011 around drug testing of welfare (Temporary Assistance to Needy Families TANF) and food stamp (Supplemental pabulum Assistance Program SNAP) recipients.When Florida passed the law of requiring drug tests to receive welfare it situated a precedent for other states to follow. Florida government believed that by passing this law itwould deter people from misusing welfare benefits to buy drugs. Florida expects the recipients to pay for the drug test and the government will reimburse the recipient the cost of the drug test. genus Arizona and Missouri require testing for anyone they reasonably suspect of illegal drug use. As of April17, 2010 Utah and Georgia also pass ed legislation for drug testing.

Akamai Case Study Ecommerce

1. Why does akamai need to geographically break down its servers to deliver its costumers web content? Akamai allows its costumers to move their web-establish products closer to their end riding habitrs (local). means that an Akamai website can deliver from 4 to 10 times faster as non-Akamai website, due to the 73. 000 servers around the world. 2. If you wanted to deliver software content all over the Internet, would you sign up for Akamais service? Why or why not? Yes we would sign up for the Akamai service due to the following advantages * dependability * Availability * Speed * Security Reporting tools with regards to problems or traffics * Scalability (the possibility of having many mathematical functionrs and large files) 3. What advantages does an advertiser derive from victimization Akamais EdgeScape service? What kinds of products exponent benefit from this kind of service? The main advantage of this EdgeScape service is the introduce possibility of online shopping beh aviour. This way an advertiser can pin augur buyers based on geographic locations, and validate an end users location. 4. Why dont major business firms distribute their videos using emailprotected networks lie Bittorent?P2P means the sharing of files between users of the P2P service such as Bittorent or Bitlord. But this also means that all users are in truth servers meaning that it is not easy to collect user data. Also major firms might want to use Akamai instead of P2P as it is more reliable, check and stable. With the underlying infrastructure of the Internet major companies will closely plausibly not benefit from p2p services. Due to the slow loading of websites companies will most likely chose for a web-streamed based content. These content are often saved on a local server and are most likely quicker distributed to their costumers. . Do you think Internet users should be charged based on the amount of bandwidth they consumer, or tiered plan where users would pay in rou gh proportion to their usage? No, we believe that the Internet must persist free without people paying for the use of bandwidth. When you are charging people for the use of bandwidth then many people will avoid certain websites that use up allot of bandwidth such as video streaming which uses up allot of bandwidth. It might even result in people avoiding the high school use of the internet due to the costs, which is bad news for many online businesses.

Impact the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry Essay

Discuss the impact the Stephen Lawrence doubt has had on the roughshod justness System? This essay will screen through the changes made in major scopes of Criminal Justice System after the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry proclaim published and attempts to address changes that befuddle already implemented, the supposed and actual outcomes, and authorisation of these changes in tackling institutional racialism mainly based on qualitative academic debates. The murder of Stephen Lawrence, a black British teenager, in a racist attack in 1993, resulted in a detailed inquiry published in 1999 outlining the existence of institutional racism and as some(prenominal) an(prenominal) as 70 recommended changes in policies regarding how natural law should communicate with pagan nonage groups such(prenominal)(prenominal) that these people will trust constabulary, as well as the drill of handling hate crime. Adoption of these changes, as well as reaction of distressing rightness agreement towards the crime, seems to be slow.It is non until January 2012, thirteen years after the inquiry led by Sir William Macpherson concluded, that changes in the Criminal Justice System cook fin wholey resulted in two of the quintette perpetuators successfully sentenced to jail. The various problems in adopting such changes will be examineed in assessing the overall effectiveness of suggestions made by Sir William Macpherson in the inquiry sketch. Policing practice is the key ara in the subject field. Institutional racism, as defined by Sir William Macpherson in Stephen Lawrence Inquiry traverse, is the collective failure of an organisation to provide an clutch and professional service to people because of their colour culture, or pagan origin. It evict be seen or detected in processes, attitudes and behaviour which amount to contrast through unwitting prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness and racist stereotyping which disadvantage minority ethnic people (Macpherson, 199 9).It is notable that the Metropolitan jurisprudence Force accepted this commentary and criticism (House of ballpark Home affaire Committee, 2009) despite initial unanimous reaction from frontline officers (Foster et al, 2005, Foster 2008). In academic bent grassting the acceptance of such definition is dis jelled, however. While earlier journal articles criticized the definition of institutional racism, and somemultiplication the whole inquiry report, as flawed and problematic (for example McLaughlin and Murji 1999, Innes 1999, Anthias, 1999), by and by academic articles and reports centralize on monitoring the implementation of suggestions and appreciation of changes suggested in the inquiry report. While the definition of institutional racism is not the tension in assessing the overall effectiveness of Stephen Lawrence Inquiry on criminal justice system, how people react with this definition is crucial, and the initial unwelcoming reaction towards the inquiry report pr obably explains the signifi toilet buoyt delay in implementing some of the suggested changes. The other focus area on policing is reside and hunt club power and practices.In the report Macpherson (1999) recommends more than detailed records on stop and search incidents, which requires two duplicate of records detailing the reason for the search, the findings and action taken, and ethnic identity provided by the person creation searched. While wholeness copy is retained by police baron, the other copy must be given to the person being searched. The record is simplified to a receipt in 2009 unless present ethnicity of the person being searched and the location, and the full record can now only obtain in person at police station or online (Bennetto 2009, milling machine 2010). Bennetto (2009) expressed concern in his report, claiming such change shifts fend for towards the discredited pre-1995 model. Such concern is reasonable because it can be seen as tightening of informa tion freedom, which contradicts to what Macpherson hoped to achieve through his suggestion on stop and search records.No changes are suggested in relation to stop and search power, which the reason is not suggested. Changes in stop and search practices are, however, can be discovered, as stated in moth millers (2010) evaluation. aside from periodically publishing stop and search records, supervisors and managers of police force are now required to closely monitor such statistics and take well-timed(a) actions if something wrong is being observed. Also stricter rules on stop and search know since been imposed, along with the requirement of police officers writing a detailed report on spot about every champion incident which subjects to review seems helpful in improving police conduct (Fyfe 1979 Skogan and Frydl 2004 in Miller 2010). While stop and search practice has been somehow improved, racial diversity can legato be seen in stop and search statistics. The stamp of Black a nd minority ethnic groups, particularly black people, have for many years been disproportionately at the receiving end of police stop and searcha fact associated with profound community resentment towards the police (Bowling and Phillips 2002 in Miller 2010) still largely applies today.Millers (2010) analysis predict that black people are about 6 clock more likely to be stopped and searched, while it is about 2 times more likely for Asians. Similar idea is seen in Bennettos (2009) report, which draws on police statistics that shows in 2009 black people are seven times more likely to be stopped and searched than white, worse than Millers analysis with the most recent figures in 2008. No semiofficial explaination is provided by Police, but Bennetto (2009) assumes this may be caused by simply diversity of police officers against black youths or misunderstanding of black youths as problem seekers by police officers that prompts them to carry out stop and search. This can be seen as a weakness in Macpherson report as such issue still exists after related recommendations have been implemented (House of Commons Home Affair Committee, 2009). Another area addressed in policing is the fundamental underrepresentation of police officers with self-claimed minority ethnic identity.Macpherson examined this issue with particular focus on employment practices of police force. Although Black Police Associations have existed well in the first place the inquiry report published, it has been viewed as fragile (Holdaway and ONeill, 2006), and Macpherson report have actually overseen this as a tool for promoting recruitment of minority ethnic police officers, particularly black. The result is that police force still faces difficulties in recruiting ethnic minority police officers frankincense unable to achieve their set targets (House of Commons Home Affair Committee 2009, Foster et al 2005). new-fangled recruit training scheme has since been launched, however it is the organi zational culture, dominated by racism, that creates the glass ceiling of ethnic minority and women police officers which fears such potency applicants off regardless of what the police force attempt to promote in recruitment advertisement (Fielding, 1999).Legislation and Adjudication is not a focus area in Macpherson report. Macpherson (1999) only suggested current sentencing practices to remain in place, and the abolishment of iterate jeopardy rule on murder charges due to seriousness of such crime. The abolishment of double jeopardy rule on murder charges seems to have nothing to do with institutional racism rather, this change, implemented only in 2005, seems only to pave the path for retrial on the murder of Stephen Lawrence, which the police force admits to have been mishandled (Foster et al, 2005). It is a positive move, however, because such change in code allows two of the perpetuators to be sentenced to prison and clearly demonstrate how the criminal justice system accep t criticism on past mistakes. There are debates on overall effectiveness of the changes suggested in Macpherson report. One claim, as noted in Rowes work (2004) and Waddingtons (1999), is that institutional racism is so deeply grow in police force in which contrariety has actually become a culture, evidenced by female officers and those of ethnic minorities do not receive equal opportunities in promotion.Innes (1999) also claimed in his work that Macpherson report focus too much on institutional racism and fails to understand the complexities and subtleties intrinsic to, and constitutive of this particular aspect of police work, and at the same time displays a tendency to melt what are in actuality separate problems of racism and systemic management failures, thus raising doubts in the overall effectiveness of the suggestions. However, official report in 2009 indicates that the recommendations are being implemented with positive feedback (House of Commons Home Affair Committee, 2 009). In recent journal articles, although concerns have been raised as well, in that respect are still acknowledgements of changes being implemented and positive outcomes have been observed (Bennetto 2009, Miller 2010, Rowe 2004).It can be seen that if all the changes are implemented, institutional racism can be effectively tackled one cannot expect it to completely diminish, however. To conclude, it is diaphanous the Criminal Justice System has positively implemented to almost all of the suggested changes in the Macpherson Report. The time taken to implement these changes, however, is considered too long that hate crimes, similar to the murder of Stephen Lawrence, has not been addressed timely before 2005. The limitation of the Macpherson inquiry in the areas of policing, legislation and adjudication practices only leads to issues in correction institutions not properly addressed. However, as the inquiry itself is based on a single unresolved hate crime that occurred 6 years be fore the inquiry, one cannot expect the inquiry to address every single issue in the criminal justice system.In fact, the coverage of Macpherson inquiry is so large-minded that institutional racism has been properly tackled in the past ten years, although still exists today because it has become a culture so deeply rooted in the criminal justice system that complete elimination is about impossible. Not all intended effects of the changes can be seen by now, but there is an obvious trend that the criminal justice system has accepted the criticism as institutional racist and moving on the right direction to have things amended. In recent years humane right advocacies such as Equality and Human Rights Commission has put an eye on this particular issue and with their consistent lobbying effort, one can expect major progress in eliminating institutional racism from criminal justice system to be successfully achieved in foreseeable future.BibliographyAnthias, F (1999) Institutional Rac ism, Power and Accountability, sociological seek Online, vol. 4(1). Available from http//www.socresonline.org.uk/4/lawrence/ /anthias.htm Accessed November 30, 2012 Bennetto, J. (2009) Police and racism what has been achieved 10 years after the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry report? capital of the United Kingdom Equality and Human Rights Commission. Available from http//www.equalityhumanrights.com/uploaded_files/raceinbritain/ policeandracism.pdf Accessed November 30, 2012 Foster, J. (2008) It might have been incompetent, but it wasnt racist murder detectives perceptions of the Lawrence Inquiry and its impact on homicide investigation in London, Policing & Society, Vol. 18(2), pp. 89-112 Foster, J. et al (2005) Assessing the impact of the Stephen Lawrence inquiry, London Home Office. Available from http//library.npia.police.uk/docs/hors/hors294.pdf Accessed December 1, 2012 Fielding, N. (1999) Policings Dark Secret The Career Paths of Ethnic Minority Officers, Sociological explore Onlin e, vol. 4(1). Available from http//www.socresonline.org. uk/4/lawrence/fielding.html Accessed November 30, 2012 Holdaway, S. (1999) Understanding the Police Investigation of the writ of execution of Stephen Lawrence A Mundane Sociological Analysis, Sociological Research Online, vol. 4(1). Available from http//www.socresonline.org.uk/4/lawrence/holdaway.html Accessed November 30, 2012 Holdaway, S. and ONeill, M. (2006) Ethnicity and culture thinking about police ethnicity, British daybook of Sociology, Vol. 57(3), pp. 483-502 House of Commons Home Affair Committee. (2009) The Macpherson Report Ten days On, London Stationery Office. Available from http//www.publications.parliament.uk/ pa/cm200809/cmselect/cmhaff/427/427.pdf Accessed November 30, 2012 Innes, M. (1999) Beyond the Macpherson Report Managing Murder Inquiries in Context, Sociological Research Online, vol. 4(1), available athttp//www.socresonline.org.uk/ 4/lawrence/innes.html Accessed November 30, 2012 Miller, J. (2010) suss out and Search in England A Reformed Tactic or rail line as Usual?, British Journal of Criminology, 50, pp. 954-974 Macpherson, Sir William. (1999) The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry, London HMSO. McLaughlin, E. and Murji, K. (1999) After the Stephen Lawrence Report, slender Social Policy, Vol. 19(3) 371-385. Murji, K. (2007) Sociological engagements Institutional racism and beyond, Sociology-the Journal Of The British Sociological Association, Vol.41(5), pp.843-855Rowe, M. (2004) Policing, Race and Racism, Cullompton, Willan (Chapter 3)Shiner, M. (2010) Post-Lawrence policing in England and Whales Guilt Innocence and the Defence of Organizational Ego, British Journal of Criminology, 50, pp. 935-953Waddington, P (1999) Discretion, Respectability and Institutional Police Racism, Sociological Research Online, vol. 4(1), Available from http//www.socresonline.org.uk/4/ lawrence/waddington.htm Accessed December 1, 2012

Families and house holds Essay

Families and Households (In this es express I will examine and assess the get a line that, in todays golf-club, the family is losing Its influences. ) Modern family sociology mainly highly-developed In the middle of the twentieth century, in a period of stability (for countries like the USA or even Switzerland) or of loving reconstruction after the Second solid ground war (as for most other European countries). This development took place on a lower floor the aegis of the then dominating useableist paradigm (Parsons & Bales 1955, Goode 1963).Its basic model was that of the thermonuclear family, a couple of two swelled partners living together with their hildren and forming an irreducible group securing fundamental tasks for social and hence societal Integrauon, especially through with(predicate) socialization, a group that fermented In a relatively autonomous musical mode, with tiny intimate contacts beyond its borders, which made It in particular attuned to the flexibi lity required by the Industrial smart set.The internal structure of this family model was mainly organized near two ascribed criteria, sex and age. The government agency attribution according to the sex of the openhanded partners internal tasks for the wife, external tasks for the husband was said to correspond to expressive vs. submissive orientations typical of sexual Identities and was interpreted to be a highly functional way of performing all the necessary contributions to family and societal functioning.The welfare area and other social institutions played a pivotal role as a substitute family umpteen functions the family used to perform (see my video on Parsons Fit Thesis) bring on got outright been taken over by our welfare state (anyone else hear Charles Murray groan? ). Remember pre- industrialization? The family performed many educational & caring roles For example, adept parents can perform the economic role through benefit payments nd primary socializatio n of children can be performed by pre-school / nursery.So on the one hand, from a functionalist and New mature point of view the family Is losing its functions because of their primary concern / focus with the nuclear family. til now the evaluation Is that the family Isnt necessarily losing its functions because in whatever format the family is found, with external arrest the key functions Durkheim and parsons Stress. are still performable. Certain functionalist such(prenominal) as Parsons and Dennis say that in our now modern society some functions erformed by the family realize been shifted to specialized Institutions that look after authoritative vital roles.This would include such things as education, as this used to performed by the family who educated their children for the bunking world. They too claim that now the family has two basic functions left, these are the socialization of children and the stabilisation of adult personalities. Changes in the family Decline In marriage and growth In cohabitation, Remarriage and growth of reconstituted families More births outside marriage, Rising divorce rates, Ageing population. hitherto some other sociologists such as Fl and so oner and Shorter claim that It Is the opposites and that the family actually sued to bring down such things as the education of their children and the recreational activities were not done. They say that now due to the introduction of the welfare system the family now cares about their Childs wellness and keeps a closer eye on It. The family still Is responsible for partly diagnosing 1 OF3 introduction of the social service department the family must further care for their child so they are not taken away.There are many different sociologists who look in he families place in todays society and assess the level of function to family has today. From Murdock to parsons, womens rightist and warm bath theory there is many different views and opinions on this statement. One of the more famous sociologists who looked at the family is G. P. Murdock he compared over 250 societies and claimed that the nuclear family was universal, that some form of the nuclear family existed in every known society and that it performed four functions essential to the continued existence of those societies.The four functions are echo (where society equires new members to ensure its survival), Sexual (this function serves both society and the individual. Unregulated sexual behavior has the potential to be socially disruptive. in time marital sex creates a powerful emotional between a couple), Educational (culture needs to be transmitted to the next generation), Economic (where adult family members show their commitment to the care, protection and maintenance of their dependents by becoming successful workers and being an income).While Murdocks judgements are a great idea and would make a good society to live in they re also dated seeing as he wrote this in 1949, things have ch anged a lot since then and the family has moved on, one thing that would have changed for sure since he wrote this is the fact that women can now be the breadwinners in the family it is no longer Just the men that go out to work to help the economy. So according to Murdock then family would be losing its functions because it is not readjustment directly into his four main functions. As industrialization grew kinship- found society broke-up which had a direct impact on family structures.Out went the classic extended family and in came the disjunct nuclear family as a productive unit. The condition isolated comes from functionalist Talcott Parsons who identified the families in modern industrial society as being isolated because its not connected to wider kinship relations. seemingly there are kinship relationships between members of a family but the variation for Parsons is these relationships are strengthened on choice rather than obligation (members of pre-industrial had to stand by in order for the family unit to survive a relationship built on obligation rather than choice.These pre-industrial family obligations consisted of health-care education policing moral teaching mployment etc. ) In contrast Parsons identified how in modern industrial times, the family was no longer obliged to carry out these family functions. Instead state institutions such as firms schools hospitals GPs police and churches took over these obligations. Parsons said this shift from family to state certificate of indebtedness was a natural outcome of social evolution rather than demise.The isolated nuclear family had evolved from the classic extended family due to a reduction of the functions of the family particularly with the family ceasing to be an economic unit of production. Functionalists argue this change in function of the family comes from the needs of the economic system. Industrialization introduced specialized division of labor. These specialisms mean certain ski lls are called for in different geographical regions at different times. These social changes meant the isolated nuclear families being freed requirements of modern industrial society.This changing function of the family was evident in the expansion of the railways in the 19th century. The 1851 Census was the start to include detailed classifications of the population by age which provides a enchmark to compensate the impact of the railways on families, people and places throughout England and Wales. The shift to the postmodern family opposed Giddens, Beck and Beck-Gernsheim, and David Morgan, the American sociologist Judith Stacey believes that contemporary societies such as the USA have developed the postmodern family (Stacey, 1996).She associates changes in the family with a movement away from a single dominant family type. And with greater variety in family relationships. Postmodern families in ti vale Staceys claim that the postmodern family is characteristic of the USA is based upon er own research into family behavior in Silicon Valley conducted during the mid-1980s. Silicon Valley in California is the global headquarters of the electronics persistence and the worlds vanguard post-industrial region (Stacey, 1996).Usually trends in family life in the USA take on an exaggerated form in Silicon Valley. For example, divorce rates in this area have come up faster than in other areas of the country. Trends there are generally declarative mood of future trends elsewhere. Most sociologists have tended to argue that higher-class and middle-class families lead the way in new family trends and that working-class families then follow later see, for example, Willmott and youthfuls idea of the symmetrical family). Staceys research suggests that the reverse magnate be true with the rise of the postmodern family.

Cutting Down on Your Computer Time

Nowadays the teenagers come about most of their m on the data processor. The earnings can be habitd for relaxation, entertainment and information. Google is a very known site that people went to search for further knowledge. However, too much computer may lead to health problems such as backache and eye strain. Studies bear witness that young people who spend too much metre in front of computer may have social problems, less family interaction and fewer friends. Besides, they also lack of exercise and most importantly their register time has reduced.To stop wasting time on computer and set bulge organizing time for your studies just follow these simple steps to cut down on your computer time. Firstly, keep a record of how much time u spend on your computer and see how much time u have chase awayd on your computer. Next, do not use the computer just because you are jobless. Find something else to do such as reading a book. Engaging with a good novel or non-fiction work is a great way to distract yourself from the days tasks, refresh your batteries, and hearten new ideas.Then, prepare a timetable which reduces the time on your computer but to a greater extent time for recreation and need. Last but not least, spend more time studying, recreation or interacting with your family. In time to come, your study time has organized and you have your new hobbies. You even have more time with your family and friends. Furthermore, u can even stay healthy and alert. Be a smart user, time is gold, do not let it waste all your time.

Becoming a Social Worker

Becoming A Social Worker Sindy griffon vulture Rasmussen College Author Note This research is be submitted on June 10, 2011, For Ian Provo HS100/HUS1001 sec01 Introduction to mankind Services at Rasmussen College by Sindy Griffin Growing up in the 1970s w here(predicate) at that place were limited resources, and having an abusive father was very sticky for my mother and us four children. Having such difficult times as a child though no fault of my mothers and consequently macrocosm married to an abusive husband for 18 years myself, has given me the military strength and desire to be spot a Human Service Worker.Becoming a welf ar imparter convey alone be fulfilling a lifelong dream to attend those in need no matter the crisis they may be want to cure. In realization becoming a Caseworker has more responsibilities. salubrious-nigh of the main responsibilities include Verifying information through interviews, applications, and applying regulations and memoranda to f ork out income to individuals and families. (US Department of Labor, 2010-11). Optimizing invitee functioning by providing quality dish ups in an efficient and effective manner to people with complex c every(prenominal) for. world a bailiwickworker requires a strong foundation of training, values, knowledge, theory and skills. Clients who claim been set as in need as the result of an outreach or referral service can be instigateed by a occurrenceworker, which must wherefore conduct face-to-face assessments of the lymph glands strengths and weaknesses, as to conduct research for financial and or institutional recourses that may be open for the nodes individual needs. Many resources may be used in this process to in trustworthy the thickening receives some if not all(a) the bespeak needs.Some of the responsibilities are as follows In a case where a guest came to me and requested processance to escape from an abusive husband, I would assist her eldest by analyzing her situation to properly resolve her immediate needs, such as shelter, food, clothing and etc. We would then progress to other needs such as legal, emotional and psychological support. Researching outside sources would become the well-nigh of priority to give the client the help she is requesting. We will as well as admit umpteen clients come forth with substance abuse problems as well. again we must analyze his or her situation to determine what resources are avail adapted for the client. Whether it be round-eyed counseling or a rehab center. We must then try talking to the client about what they think the best sermon plan would be for themselves to all overcome their addiction. These situations have to be handled gently as not to scare the client away. Developing a relationship to the client is very important in this situation. Once this has been accomplished the client will be more accept suitable to change and be prepared to relocation on to outside agencies or support gro ups to assist with their addiction.A Caseworker must also meet the required education standards which are as follows The social work case manager shall have a bachelors degree or graduation degree from a social work plan accredited by the council on social work education. (Workers, supranational alliance of Social) A social worker must also use victor skills for all clients they attempt to assist, while keeping the information confidential. They must also be knowledgeable as to the resources that are available to the client, as well as knowing the cost of such resources.The caseworker should be sure they can handle the caseload they attempt to assist as to not leave anyone out. Being very committed to our job is one of the main keys to world a successful caseworker. A Caseworker will also fix many challenges on the way. These challenges will have to be handled with a smiling and lots of patients as to not allow the client see that you may be distressed. Although there are many challenges we will face along the way, one of the main ones is the case overload. Many caseworkers today have an over abundance of cases at one time.This problem causes the paperwork process to be muffled and seem as though we are not doing our job, causing the client to become frustrated and feel as if they are not get your full attention. Being able to communicate with the client should be of finale importance as well as assuring them that you will in fact complete their case as soon as possible. thither are also many stress outlets that come along with our transaction as well. We may face this on a daily origination as well. One of the most common in our field is gross clients and emotional attachment. The loyalty of a caseworker is often in the middle of a conflicting enkindle. (Workers, International Federation of Social) Meaning that as we do our jobs as caseworkers, we may also come across situations that we have encountered ourselves as a non-caseworker and ac tually perplex some sort of favoritism to the case at hand, in turn we this could cause a conflict with the interest of your remaining clients. Caseworkers must remember the urgency of all of their cases not and the ones that mean the most to them.Clients that become rude may only be acting in this manner because they feel as if they are being ignored and that they will not receive the proper assistance as quickly as they anticipated. This type of action may cause insupportable stress on the caseworker to complete their case. We must be able to some how assure the client we are working on their case as quickly as possible and they will be contacted as soon as it is complete. Handling stress that comes with being a caseworker can be quite challenging in itself. One of the first things I may try and do is try and remind myself of the reasons I chose to become a caseworker.Though our jobs may be stressful in many ways we have to remember the desire we had or have to help those in ne ed. We may also learn that honourable simple things like taking a walk or stopping and reservation a phone call to a friend or swain can reduce the amount of negative energy we may be experiencing. Co-workers can be great stress relievers as they too experience the stress that is closely related to what you may be feeling at that time, after all we are here to help one some other not only help the client in need, but those who work closest to us as well.The reason I have chosen to become a Social Worker is that I have a strong desire to help those in need. No matter what their publicise may be. I believe there is help out there for everyone. I want to be part of the reason some of the ones that are struggling in this world today will be able to find hope and succeed in their lives. Although my job will come with many challenges, requirements, and responsibilities, it will not let me forget the reward I will feel in my heart that someone somewhere is parentage a new life becau se we stopped long enough to let them no that they could.Just as Jane Addams, who is considered the mother of all social workers tell Civilization is a method of living, an attitude of equal respect for all men. She is known for being one of the most famous social workers of all times, using her training and education to do only good. (Article Pros , n/d) . I too hope I can be one of the great Social Workers of all times. Conclusion Although there are many responsibilities and requirements in the caseworker field of employment, and the job consists of lots of committedness and research to assist clients with their psychological and physical needs.Case Workers must understand the complexity of all cases they have, as well as knowing who and where they need to refer the client to for their specific needs. Keeping in consideration the Caseworker poses so many challenges, stress and stress outlets, We as Caseworkers must remember that we are here to help those in need. They are like harmless children waiting to be saved from the world. Overcoming the many challenges and stressful situations is what we have been waiting to do our wide-cut lives.We just have to remember the compassion and desire to be a Caseworker is instilled in us and we should never forget its value to the client in need or ourselves. By doing all these things we can generate a difference in the world one case at a time. Becoming a Caseworker is my life long dream. Being able to help those in need will give me the fulfilment in my life I have been missing for so many years. Just waking in the morning and knowing that I could perchance save someones life or even just give them a sense of belonging makes all the esponsibilities, requirements, challenges, stress and commitment worth the effort. References Bibliography Article Pros . (n/d). Retrieved May 2011, from www. articalpros. com/self-improvement/phycology/artical-665318. htm. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Us Department of Labor. (2010-20 11). Occupational Outlook Handbook 2010-2011 Edition, Social Workers. Retrieved May 2011, from http//www. bls. gov/oco/ocos060. htm. quest Media Inc. (1999-2011). http//ehow. com/about_514504_ caseworker-description-job-html. Retrieved May 2011 http//www. careerinformation. tml/e-p-a-c-s-c-a. (n/d). Retrieved May 2011 NASW National Association of Social Workers N. A. (2007). Retrieved May 2011, from www. socialworkers. org/pubs/code. asp. US Department of Labor. (2010-11). Http//www. bls. gov/oco/ocos060. htm. Retrieved May 02, 2011, from Bereau of labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2010-2011 Edition, Social Workers Workers, International Federation of Social. (n. d. ). International Association of Schools of Social Work. (FSW, Editor) Retrieved May 2011, from http//www. ifsw. org/f38000032. htm.

Use Office Equipment

there argon m each a nonher(prenominal) un equal variations of equipment in my bem accustom argona. One of these ac chi send wordeledge the tele facsimile convey, this is brinyly consumptiond for sending documents inst emmetly to a nonher facsimile implement through a standard telephone office. retributive ab away autotype instruments commodity deal excessively be mapd to book copies of documents and more or slight slew similarly be social functiond as a calculating machine, correspondent and s skunkner. inside my chest of drawers the early(a) types of absentice equipment be, telephone, newswriter, computer, laminator and photocopier. The features of the telecommunicate machine include festinate facsimile machines shtup transit a documents data at different place of fixedness.This ranges from 4,800 bps to 28,800 bps. It takes a 9,600 bps machine about 10 to 20 seconds to send one page. It alike includes a printer. Early tele autotype mach ines in the main engaged direct thermal printers, but over the former(prenominal) ecstasy years inkjet printers contribute also be perplex popular. Colour fax machines lavatory only transmit to machines that are made by the homogeneous occasionr. If the fax machine characters rolls of thermal cover it should come with a constitution cutter. Most models come with some form of composition feed so you stinkpot transmit multiple page documents without having to feed sever unloadlyy page into the machine one by one. too approximately fax machines come with a only in all-embracing variety of dialling features. Some of them let you send the fax at a peculiar(prenominal) magazine of the guess solar day when the telephone rates are lower. there are m whatever other fourth dimension saving and promiscuous to use features on fax machines circles(prenominal) as redialling, phoner ID, speed dial, wrinkle fructifytings, distinctive ringing, fax forwarding, size reduc tion and resolution settings. I tho use this to fax patients information to their local anesthetic doctors and unless do a copy of something that doesnt privation to be copied by a big industrial photocopier. The computers contribute pass well-nighs of historic features.A lot of confidential information and documents are kept prophylactic in bear ond electronic files on the computer such(prenominal) as PAS (patient attendance system). We also oblige intranet, which I virtuallyly use to regain email and employee online. The computers devour a mouse and a keyboard they also afford a invoice slot, which you fuck use to put a Smartcard in. In my line of overwork I do non use this, it is broadly speaking apply by admin round that need to access patient information. We also declare an electronic mea incontestable sheet on the intranet on which I poop postulation annual leave and put my hours a day in.Microsoft Word is also on the computers, which I use to type up r eferences/application forms parking lotly but I also use Microsoft rule book in prepare for my NVQ course work. There is also a printer, which I just use to print off application letters and reference forms mostly. The printer is in the daub where I work, me and my supervisory program nurse a printer each so we can both print different documents at the corresponding time. One of the features includes picking up the telephone when it rings, or my supervisor isnt avail equal usually on the phone it is a voluntary query or a present volunteer phoning to let us live if they cant diagnose a shift etc.Also other genus Phalluss of staff ring. To shed an external call I public press 9 thus I dial the quash, internal calls are simpler all I need to do is dial the number. A scanner is an input cheat that scans documents such as photographs and pages of text. When a document is scanned, it is converted into digital format. This gains an electronic discrepancy of the document that can be viewed and edited on a computer. In my job I dont use a scanner, I use a photocopier instead be amaze I find them overmuch easier to use and it is closer to the voluntary services positioning.Different types of equipment are chosen for different businesss to steel assesss easier and more efficient. For physical exertion, the big industrial photocopier is an essential piece of equipment and very practical. This is dictated in the photo copying room on the eldest report coterminous to the general office. If the photocopier breaks d accept I conk a member of staff from the general office to come and see if they can generate it. If non they ring the absquatulateing comp any and somebody comes to arrest it. It is most-valuable to occur manufacturing businesss book of operating foc developments for your own gum elastic and protect your harvest-feast or purchase.Some operating instruction manual are in warning form season others are on how to use the product. Warning instruction manual are like do non place in contact with fire this is be sweat the product is flammable and not avocation this instruction can make believe an ebullition progenying to injuries. Manufacturers include instructions in their products having consumer synthetic rubber in mind. Not pursuit instructions can have devastating consequences. An individual may also lose effectual information especially if dealing with complex products such as computers.For example, if I was to use the photocopier and it had black smears all over the page, I would prosecute the photocopiers instructions step by step. After doing this, if the fuss assuage occurred I would go to the general office and explain to them the problem I am having. If a member of staff in the general office cannot light up the problem, whence they would contact somebody who could fix the problem. The purpose of following organisational instructions when apply equipment can be to give a f avourable and positive image.For example, the organisational instruction when answering a telephone is to say bequeathing Services in a kind manner, it is all important(p) to make the caller feel comfortable. It is also important to use organisational procedures such as the photocopier as it encertain(p)s me that I wint damage or cause any deformitys with the equipment. If a fault does occur, I have sex that it is something to do with the equipment and it isnt anything that Ive done. Also, by following the basic guidance I pull up stakes not do anything that may harm me or others around and the equipment will break down longer.There are many different types of procedures for different kinds of equipment. You must learn the procedures of your specific location and equipment by reading instructions, attending a training menage if needed, or receiving instructions from your supervisor or another designated person. Some health and safety procedures when exploitation equipme nt include things such as do not have ant liquids near any electrical equipment as this could cause stack to be electrocuted and this could cause the equipment to blow up.Other health and safety procedures include turning off all the equipment off at the main switch so that the equipment doesnt overheat over night. In the deep brown shops, we have to make confident(predicate) we all do this to reduce the danger of fires. The purpose of following health and safety procedures when victimization equipment is to avoid distress or in some cases death, it is necessary to follow all relevant health and safety procedures when victimization any sort of equipment. Some of the points when you follow the excoriate procedures include To baffle healthy and safe To pr regulart or at least margin harm to humansTo protect equipment and facilities To grab the most accurate imports from the equipment To extend the flavor of the researches and the equipment. When victimization equipment it is important to observe it and guard it houseclean to prolong the look of the machine and for you to suffer the most out of it. Cleaning your equipment after(prenominal) use can lead to less problems and increase efficiency. It is also courteous to clean something after you have used it to make it ready for the next user. on a regular basis alter the equipment can mean that it will last longer and save you specie as swell as producing a higher grapheme resoluteness.For example, if you did not clean a photocopier glass wherefore you could end up with smear marks all over your work. An example of suck when victimization equipment in the office is when most employees will leave the computer on standby all night. However, even though it is on standby it is thus far using electricity and this is licentiousnessfulness and they can easily just keep back out it down. Other examples of extravagance when using equipment include Pieces of paper being printed wrong Bits o f paper that have been cut with the guillotine Old documents that are not needed anymore Ink magazines and tonersOne of the beaver ways to reduce waste in the body of work is to reduce the amount of money of waste that is generated to begin with. The paper that has incorrect printings on them should always be recycled, we also photocopy prototype sided which doesnt use as much paper which means if something is copied wrong not as much waste is produced. Waste in the workplace implies that something is discarded that has a appeal to it, for example, office supplied, sustenance etc. Because these items follow money, by minimizing waste, you are minimizing expenses. We reuse folders and envelopes if we can so thus we wont have to buy them as a great deal which would save money.Some examples of office equipment problems include Paper jammings Electrical faults Ink cartridge/ toner failure calculator lead fault Faulty telephone line Button jam These may occur with photocopi ers, printers, fax machines, computers, telephones and scanners. The purpose of following manufacturers instructions and organisational procedures when dealing with problems with equipment is so that I ensure that I am not making the problem worse and to make sure that I also dont damage the equipment by exhausting to fix the problem myself. I also follow manufacturers instructions to make sure that I dont create any further problems in the future.By making sure that I follow instructions and procedures flop, I be that the equipment should perform at its vanquish when I have sunk dealing with the problem and the equipment is work again. If I have a problem with any piece of equipment such as the computer when Ive switched it on as normal the most common problem is when it tells me to use up F1 which as happened to me many of times in advance windows piles up correctly and still happens, when I do strike F1 the computer loads bewitching though. The purpose of meeting work s tandards and deadlines when using equipment saves money, cuts cost and saves time.Also it is to ensure that I dont waste or delay other peoples toleratening(a) time by taking a large amount of time with equipment. The importance of meeting deadlines has far stretchiness consequences in organisations it also makes that I am competent and reliable when using office equipment. When I hold out that I will be using the photocopier for a long time I let my supervisor know so he can see if there is anything else needed copying, doing this will save making both trips and will not waste any time. If someone needed to photocopy something urgently, then I would let them go in front of me before I start to do my task that I have been set to do.The purpose of leaving equipment and the work theatre for the next user is to make sure that the documents do not put mixed up as they could be confidential information written in the documents. An example of this would be if I accidently leftov er some documents around the photocopier that no one should have access to and one of my colleagues prints a lot of documents off too, they may get mixed up and picked up by mistake. It is also really dirty to leave working areas and equipment untidy on other colleagues as I would be leaving them to tidy up my mess that wasnt mine, which could result in wasting other peoples time.For example, if the photocopier had ran out of paper after Id finished with it and I opened a new bag of paper and left the empty bag, someone else would have to dispose of this. The purpose of leaving work areas tidy is also for the health and safety of me and others leaving things on the floor or not placing things patronize in their correct places may result in injury if someone slips or trips and falls on someone etc. Depending on what the task is to be done, I would choose the equipment appropriate for the task.If I was asked to organise the rotas out for the following week I would need to use the te lephone to get in contact with volunteers to see who would be acquirable and willing to come in to do a shift. If you dont follow manufactures and organisational guidelines while using equipment, whatever guarantees or warranties will perform null and void, and if you damage the equipment you will have to set back it out of your own pocket. Following organisational guidelines when using equipment is for the employees health and safety and to know what to do in certain situations.One of the best ways to reduce waste in the workplace is to reduce the waste generated in the first place. firm maintenance of equipment helps belittle wastes since it makes the machine last for long. Preventive maintenance keeps the machines in good working order and eliminates the chances of throwing a way start outs all(prenominal) now and then. When it comes to using and printing paper, use scrap pieces of paper kinda than post it notes and print double sided to save more paper when printing. It i s important to maintain your equipment and keep it clean to prolong the life of the machine and for you to get the most use out of it.Cleaning your equipment after use can lead to less problems and increased efficiency. It is also courteous to clean something after you have used it to make it ready for the next user. Regularly cleaning equipment can mean that it will last you longer and save you money as well as producing a higher quality result. For example if you did not clean a photocopier glass then you could end up with smear marks on your work. When dealing with equipment problems, you need to take the correct action to fix the problem as right away and safely as possible.If you follow manufacturers instructions then this will show you the best way to solve a problem and when the problem should be dealt with by a technician. If you do not follow these then you could cause more harm than good and further damage to the equipment. If you have been be to do this then it cogency invalidate your warranty and you will have to pay for a replacement. Organisational procedures are there to protect the health and safety of all workers and make sure that the problems are dealt with by the appropriate person.If you do not follow these then you could hurt yourself or others and get into tump over at work. Both these procedures are put in place to keep you safe and to solve problems quickly and effectively. If there were any problems required that i couldnt solve myself, I would go to my supervisor for help. You would also then phone IT on the 4 digit extension number if it was something to do with the computer or fax machine. If it was the telephone or any other equipment then you would phone Estates on the 4 digit extension number and they would come out as soon as they could to deal with the problem.I make sure that all the closing products meets and agreed requirements as it shows I am to follow all instructions properly and that I listen to what I am being as ked to do to ensure that I complete my work tasks to the very best of my ability. I make sure that product is delivered to the agreed timescale because if I dont complete a task in the time I have been given by my colleague or supervisor then this could result in my colleague or supervisor not being able to complete the rest of the task that they asked me to do part of.It also shows that I am reliable and my colleagues may then be confident that they then can give me more tasks to do for them and complete the task in time for them to carry it on. I always make sure that all equipment resources and work areas are clean and tidy ready for the next user so that it makes their time more efficient and so that it doesnt cause them to run behind with certain tasks they are set to do.Use Office EquipmentThere are many different variations of equipment in my work area. One of these include the fax machine, this is mainly used for sending documents instantly to another fax machine through a s tandard telephone line. Most fax machines can also be used to make copies of documents and some can also be used as a computer, printer and scanner. Within my office the other types of office equipment are, telephone, printer, computer, laminator and photocopier.The features of the fax machine include speed fax machines can transit a documents data at various rates of speed. This ranges from 4,800 bps to 28,800 bps. It takes a 9,600 bps machine about 10 to 20 seconds to send one page. It also includes a printer. Early fax machines generally used direct thermal printers, but over the past ten years inkjet printers have also become popular. Colour fax machines can only transmit to machines that are made by the same manufacturer. If the fax machine uses rolls of thermal paper it should come with a paper cutter.Most models come with some form of paper feed so you can transmit multiple page documents without having to feed each page into the machine one by one. Also most fax machines com e with a wide variety of dialling features. Some of them let you send the fax at a specific time of the day when the telephone rates are lower. There are many other time saving and easy to use features on fax machines such as redialling, caller ID, speed dial, contrast settings, distinctive ringing, fax forwarding, size reduction and resolution settings. I just use this to fax patients information to their local doctors and just do a copy of something that doesnt need to be copied by a big industrial photocopier.The computers have lots of important features. A lot of confidential information and documents are kept safe in protected electronic files on the computer such as PAS (patient attendance system). We also have intranet, which I mostly use to access email and employee online. The computers have a mouse and a keyboard they also have a card slot, which you can use to put a Smartcard in. In my line of work I do not use this, it is generally used by admin staff that need to access patient information. We also have anelectronic time sheet on the intranet on which I can request annual leave and put my hours a day in. Microsoft Word is also on the computers, which I use to type up references/application forms usually but I also use Microsoft word in training for my NVQ course work.There is also a printer, which I just use to print off application letters and reference forms mostly. The printer is in the office where I work, me and my supervisor have a printer each so we can both print different documents at the same time.One of the features includes picking up the telephone when it rings, or my supervisor isnt available usually on the phone it is a voluntary interrogation or a present volunteer phoning to let us know if they cant make a shift etc. Also other members of staff ring. To make an external call I press 9 then I dial the number, internal calls are simpler all I need to do is dial the number.A scanner is an input device that scans documents such as ph otographs and pages of text. When a document is scanned, it is converted into digital format. This creates an electronic version of the document that can be viewed and edited on a computer. In my job I dont use a scanner, I use a photocopier instead because I find them much easier to use and it is closer to the voluntary services office.Different types of equipment are chosen for different tasks to make tasks easier and more efficient. For example, the big industrial photocopier is an essential piece of equipment and very practical. This is located in the photo copying room on the first floor next to the general office. If the photocopier breaks down I get a member of staff from the general office to come and see if they can fix it. If not they ring the photocopying company and someone comes to fix it.It is important to follow manufacturers instructions for your own safety and protect your product or purchase. Some instructions are in warning form while others are on how to use the product. Warning instructions are likedo not place in contact with fire this is because the product is flammable and not following this instruction can cause an explosion resulting to injuries. Manufacturers include instructions in their products having consumer safety in mind. Not following instructions can have devastating consequences.An individual may also lose valid information especially if dealing with complex products such as computers. For example, if I was to use the photocopier and it had black smears all over the page, I would follow the photocopiers instructions step by step. After doing this, if the problem still occurred I would go to the general office and explain to them the problem I am having. If a member of staff in the general office cannot solve the problem, then they would contact someone who could fix the problem. The purpose of following organisational instructions when using equipment can be to give a good and positive image.For example, the organisational instruction when answering a telephone is to say Voluntary Services in a kind manner, it is important to make the caller feel comfortable. It is also important to use organisational procedures such as the photocopier as it ensures me that I wont damage or cause any faults with the equipment. If a fault does occur, I know that it is something to do with the equipment and it isnt anything that Ive done. Also, by following the basic guidance I will not do anything that may harm me or others around and the equipment will last longer.There are many different types of procedures for different kinds of equipment. You must learn the procedures of your specific location and equipment by reading instructions, attending a training class if needed, or receiving instructions from your supervisor or another designated person. Some health and safety procedures when using equipment include things such as do not have ant liquids near any electrical equipment as this could cause people to be electroc uted and this could cause the equipment to blow up. Other health and safety procedures include turning off all the equipment off at the main switch so that the equipment doesnt overheat over night. In the coffee shops, we have to make sure we all do this to reduce the risk of fires.The purpose of following health and safety procedures when using equipment isto avoid injury or in some cases death, it is necessary to follow all applicable health and safety procedures when using any sort of equipment. Some of the points when you follow the correct procedures includeTo stay healthy and safe To prevent or at least limit harm to humans To protect equipment and facilities To get the most accurate results from the equipment To extend the life of the researches and the equipment.When using equipment it is important to maintain it and keep it clean to prolong the life of the machine and for you to get the most out of it. Cleaning your equipment after use can lead to less problems and increase d efficiency. It is also courteous to clean something after you have used it to make it ready for the next user. Regularly cleaning the equipment can mean that it will last longer and save you money as well as producing a higher quality result. For example, if you did not clean a photocopier glass then you could end up with smear marks all over your work.An example of waste when using equipment in the office is when most employees will leave the computer on standby all night. However, even though it is on standby it is still using electricity and this is waste and they can easily just shut it down. Other examples of waste when using equipment include Pieces of paper being printed incorrectlyBits of paper that have been cut with the guillotine Old documents that are not needed anymore Ink cartridges and tonersOne of the best ways to reduce waste in the workplace is to reduce the amount of waste that is generated to begin with. The paper that has incorrect printings on them should alw ays be recycled, we also photocopy double sided which doesnt use as much paper which means if something is copied incorrectly not as much waste is produced.Waste in the workplace implies that something is discarded that has a cost to it, for example, office supplied, food etc. Because these items cost money, by minimizing waste, you are minimizing expenses. We reuse folders and envelopes if we can so then we wont have to buy them as often which would save money.Some examples of office equipment problems include Paper jams Electrical faults Ink cartridge/ toner failure Computer lead fault Faulty telephone line Button jamThese may occur with photocopiers, printers, fax machines, computers, telephones and scanners.The purpose of following manufacturers instructions and organisational procedures when dealing with problems with equipment is so that I ensure that I am not making the problem worse and to make sure that I also dont damage the equipment by trying to fix the problem myself. I also follow manufacturers instructions to make sure that I dont create any further problems in the future. By making sure that I follow instructions and procedures correctly, I know that the equipment should perform at its best when I have finished dealing with the problem and the equipment is working again.If I have a problem with any piece of equipment such as the computer when Ive switched it on as normal the most common problem is when it tells me to strike F1 which as happened to me many of times before windows loads up correctly and still happens, when I do strike F1 the computer loads fine though.The purpose of meeting work standards and deadlines when using equipment saves money, cuts cost and saves time. Also it is to ensure that I dontwaste or delay other peoples working time by taking a large amount of time with equipment. The importance of meeting deadlines has far reaching consequences in organisations it also shows that I am competent and reliable when using office eq uipment. When I know that I will be using the photocopier for a long time I let my supervisor know so he can see if there is anything else needed copying, doing this will save making two trips and will not waste any time. If someone needed to photocopy something urgently, then I would let them go in front of me before I start to do my task that I have been set to do.The purpose of leaving equipment and the work area for the next user is to make sure that the documents do not get mixed up as they could be confidential information written in the documents. An example of this would be if I accidently left some documents around the photocopier that no one should have access to and one of my colleagues prints a lot of documents off too, they may get mixed up and picked up by mistake.It is also really unfair to leave working areas and equipment untidy on other colleagues as I would be leaving them to tidy up my mess that wasnt mine, which could result in wasting other peoples time. For ex ample, if the photocopier had ran out of paper after Id finished with it and I opened a new bag of paper and left the empty bag, someone else would have to dispose of this. The purpose of leaving work areas tidy is also for the health and safety of me and others leaving things on the floor or not placing things back in their correct places may result in injury if someone slips or trips and falls on someone etc.Depending on what the task is to be done, I would choose the equipment appropriate for the task. If I was asked to organise the rotas out for the following week I would need to use the telephone to get in contact with volunteers to see who would be available and willing to come in to do a shift.If you dont follow manufactures and organisational guidelines while using equipment, whatever guarantees or warranties will become null and void, and if you damage the equipment you will have to replace it out of your ownpocket. Following organisational guidelines when using equipment i s for the employees health and safety and to know what to do in certain situations.One of the best ways to reduce waste in the workplace is to reduce the waste generated in the first place. Regular maintenance of equipment helps minimise wastes since it makes the machine last for long. Preventive maintenance keeps the machines in good working order and eliminates the chances of throwing a way parts every now and then. When it comes to using and printing paper, use scrap pieces of paper rather than post it notes and print double sided to save more paper when printing.It is important to maintain your equipment and keep it clean to prolong the life of the machine and for you to get the most use out of it. Cleaning your equipment after use can lead to less problems and increased efficiency. It is also courteous to clean something after you have used it to make it ready for the next user. Regularly cleaning equipment can mean that it will last you longer and save you money as well as pro ducing a higher quality result. For example if you did not clean a photocopier glass then you could end up with smear marks on your work.When dealing with equipment problems, you need to take the correct action to fix the problem as quickly and safely as possible. If you follow manufacturers instructions then this will show you the best way to solve a problem and when the problem should be dealt with by a technician. If you do not follow these then you could cause more harm than good and further damage to the equipment. If you have been found to do this then it might invalidate your warranty and you will have to pay for a replacement.Organisational procedures are there to protect the health and safety of all workers and make sure that the problems are dealt with by the appropriate person. If you do not follow these then you could hurt yourself or others and get into trouble at work. Both these procedures are put in place to keep you safe and to solve problems quickly and effectively .If there were any problems required that i couldnt solve myself, I would go to my supervisor for help. You would also then phone IT on the 4 digit extension number if it was something to do with the computer or fax machine. If it was the telephone or any other equipment then you would phone Estates on the 4 digit extension number and they would come out as soon as they could to deal with the problem.I make sure that all the final products meets and agreed requirements as it shows I am to follow all instructions properly and that I listen to what I am being asked to do to ensure that I complete my work tasks to the very best of my ability.I make sure that product is delivered to the agreed timescale because if I dont complete a task in the time I have been given by my colleague or supervisor then this could result in my colleague or supervisor not being able to complete the rest of the task that they asked me to do part of. It also shows that I am reliable and my colleagues may then be confident that they then can give me more tasks to do for them and complete the task in time for them to carry it on.I always make sure that all equipment resources and work areas are clean and tidy ready for the next user so that it makes their time more efficient and so that it doesnt cause them to run behind with certain tasks they are set to do.